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【medical-news】流感疫苗：注射还是喷雾？
Flu Vaccines: Shots Or Spray?
Study: Flu Shots Worked Better Than Vaccine Spray In Adults in 2004-2005
(WebMD) Wondering how flu vaccines compare at flu prevention? A new study of healthy adults shows that the flu shot worked better than the nasal-spray flu vaccine during the 2004-2005 flu season.
But don't jump to conclusions about which type of flu vaccine is better.
"In other years the results may be different," says Arnold Monto, M.D., in a University of Michigan news release. Monto is a University of Michigan epidemiology professor.
The study by Monto and colleagues appears in The New England Journal of Medicine.
The single best way to protect against the flu is to get vaccinated each year, states the CDC's Web site. There are two types of flu vaccines: the flu shot and the nasal-spray flu vaccine.
The flu shot contains killed flu viruses. It's approved for people older than 6 months, including healthy people and people with chronic medical conditions.
The nasal-spray flu vaccine is made with live, weakened flu viruses that don't cause the flu. The nasal-spray flu vaccine is approved for use in healthy people aged 5-49 who aren't pregnant.
The CDC doesn't recommend one type of flu vaccine over the other for people who are eligible for either type of vaccine.
Flu viruses change all the time. Every year, scientists tailor flu vaccines to target flu viruses that are predicted for the upcoming flu season. But those predictions aren't always perfect. And that's what happened during the flu vaccine study.
During the 2004-2005 flu season, when the flu vaccine study was under way, most flu viruses didn't exactly match either type of flu vaccine. That mismatch may have affected the vaccines' effectiveness, the researchers note.
Monto's team studied 1,247 healthy adults aged 18-46 (average age: 27) during the 2004-2005 flu season. Participants got either the flu shot, the FluMist nasal-spray flu vaccine, or an empty vaccine (placebo).
Very few people — 32 participants — came down with confirmed flu during the 2004-2005 flu season.
Lab tests showed that the flu shots were 77% effective against the flu, compared with 57% effectiveness for the nasal-spray flu vaccine.
The spray may have been particularly ineffective against unexpected type B flu viruses during that flu season, but that's not certain, the researchers note. They add that other studies have shown the nasal-spray flu vaccine's effectiveness in children.
"We need a more specific understanding of which viral changes matter and which don't," Monto says. "There are many things about vaccine protectiveness that we still don't completely understand."
It's not clear if the study's findings apply to other groups of people, so further studies are needed, notes a journal editorial. The editorialists are Keiji Fukuda, M.D., M.P.H., and Marie Paule Kieny, Ph.D., of the World Health Organization.
FluMist was developed at the University of Michigan and is produced by MedImmune under a license with the university, according to a University of Michigan news release. In the journal, Monto notes having received consulting fees from drug companies including MedImmune. MedImmune is a WebMD sponsor.
SOURCES: Ohmit, S. The New England Journal of Medicine, Dec. 14, 2006; Vol. 355: pp. 2513-2532. CDC: "Key Facts About Influenza (Flu) Vaccine." Fukuda, K. The New England Journal of Medicine, Dec. 14, 2006; Vol. 355: pp. 2586-2587. News release, University of Michigan. 本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领。 Flu Vaccines: Shots Or Spray?
流感疫苗：注射还是喷雾？
Study: Flu Shots Worked Better Than Vaccine Spray In Adults in 2004-2005
研究表明：2004-2005年度成人注射流感疫苗效果好于喷雾流感疫苗
(WebMD) Wondering how flu vaccines compare at flu prevention? A new study of healthy adults shows that the flu shot worked better than the nasal-spray flu vaccine during the 2004-2005 flu season.
（WebMD消息）想知道不同类型流感疫苗的流感预防效果有何不同吗？针对健康成人的一项新的研究表明，2004-2005年流感季节期间，注射流感疫苗效果好于鼻腔喷雾流感疫苗。
But don't jump to conclusions about which type of flu vaccine is better.
但是，不要急于得出结论哪种类型的流感疫苗更好。
"In other years the results may be different," says Arnold Monto, M.D., in a University of Michigan news release. Monto is a University of Michigan epidemiology professor.
“不同年份，结果可能大相径庭。” 密歇根大学流行病学教授Arnold Monto博士在密歇根大学新闻发布会上说道。
The study by Monto and colleagues appears in The New England Journal of Medicine.
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-05-02 17:14
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