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【medical-news】基因检测可以促进乳腺癌的治疗
题目1 Gene Test May Improve Breast Cancer Treatment
基因检测可以促进乳腺癌的治疗
A test that checks the expression of 70 genes associated with breast cancer can help doctors determine a patient's risk of cancer recurrence or death, an international study finds.
一项跨国性的研究表明：医生可以通过对人体表达的70个与乳腺癌相关基因的检测，评价患者复发及死亡的风险
The study included 307 breast cancer patients assigned to high- and low-risk groups based on their scores from the 70-gene signature test and standard risk-assessment using a software program. The patients were followed for 13.6 years.
研究者通过标准危险率评估软件和70个相关表达基因测试结果得分两种方法将307名乳腺癌患者分为了高危险组和低危险组，进行了13.6年的跟踪分析。
The gene-signature test was a more accurate predictor of cancer recurrence and death than the software, the researchers found. The study also concluded that the gene test included most of the prognostic information provided by traditional risk classifiers.
研究者发现：基因标记测试对乳腺癌的复发和死亡风险的预测精确性要高于使用软件得到的结果，就此研究者得出结论
"These results indicate that the gene signature adds independent prognostic information," reported scientists at the Netherlands Cancer Institute in Amsterdam.
进行该研究的荷兰阿姆斯特丹的癌症研究中心的科学家认为：该项研究提示了对乳腺癌患者相关基因检测能增加预测的独立性
The findings were published in the Sept. 6 issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
该研究结果发表于9月6日出版的国家癌症学会的相关杂志上
The 70-gene signature test will be evaluated in a larger study of 6,000 women with node-negative early-stage breast cancer. The trial will assess whether the test can improve identification of women who can safely be spared adjuvant chemotherapy
该实验将在更大规模的人群即6000名早期未出现结节的妇女中检测相关的70个基因的表达结果，这项实验将有助于评估乳腺癌患者能否安全的进行相关的辅助性化疗
题目2 Second-hand smoke exposure boosts miscarriage risk
研究表明：被动吸烟增加孕妇流产危险
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NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Pregnant women who are exposed to second-hand smoke may be at heightened risk for suffering miscarriages, according to research from Sweden.
纽约报道（路透社 健康新闻）根据瑞典科学家的研究：被动吸烟的孕妇可能具有更高的流产风险性。
"Given the high prevalence of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and the fact that spontaneous abortion is the most common adverse outcome of pregnancy, the public health consequences of passive smoking regarding early fetal loss may be substantial," researchers conclude in a report in the journal Epidemiology.
研究人员通过对流行病学杂志报道总结到：妊娠妇女在环境性吸烟所造成的高流产率及自然流产是妊娠过程中最普遍的副作用的事实表明，公众所认识的被动吸烟与早期流产之间的关系的确是存在的。
Previous studies of passive smoke exposure in pregnancy have relied on reports from study participants themselves, and have had inconsistent results
以往研究所得出的被动吸烟与妊娠间的关系的结论的报道是基于参与者自身的研究，并没有得到一致的结论。
To evaluate nicotine exposure more precisely, they measured study participants' blood levels of cotinine -- a marker for nicotine exposure.
为了精确评估尼古丁的危害程度，研究人员检测了自愿者血液中的吡咯烷酮的含量，该物质为尼古丁体内存在含量的标志。
The researchers matched 463 women who had miscarried at 6 to 12 weeks of pregnancy with 864 women at the same stage of pregnancy who had not miscarried.
研究者通过对463位孕妇因被动吸烟而在6－12周流产和843位相同孕龄妇女则没有出现该现象进行了配对研究。
Twenty-four percent of the women had cotinine levels indicating passive smoke exposure, compared to 19 percent of the controls.
24％的流产孕妇检测到了被动吸烟的标志吡咯烷酮，而对照组只有19％
Women who smoked were more than twice as likely as nonsmokers to miscarry, the researchers found. They also found that those whose cotinine levels indicated they were exposed to second hand-smoke were 67 percent more likely to miscarry than those who weren't exposed to second-hand smoke.
研究者发现：孕期吸烟妇女流产发生率是不吸烟孕妇的两倍多，并且吡咯烷酮的检测表明，因被动吸烟而流产的孕妇发生率比没有受此危害的妇女高67％。 [标签:content1][标签:content2]
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-08-23 05:12
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