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【bio-news】REST蛋白：让干细胞自由生长和分化
ScienceDaily (Mar. 23, 2008) — A protein known as REST blocks the expression of a microRNA that prevents embryonic stem cells from reproducing themselves and causes them to differentiate into specific cell types, scientists at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center report in the journal Nature.
Researchers show RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) plays a dual role in embryonic stem cells, said senior author Sadhan Majumder, Ph.D., professor in M. D. Anderson's Department of Cancer Genetics. "It maintains self-renewal, or the cell's ability to make more and more cells of its own type, and it maintains pluripotency, meaning that the cells have the potential to become any type of cell in the body."
The paper posted online March 23 in advance of publication grew from M. D. Anderson research on the protein's role in medulloblastoma -- an exceptionally aggressive pediatric brain cancer.
Embryonic stem cells are essentially blank slates. They have the unique ability to develop from identical, unspecialized cells and then differentiate into distinct types of cells with special functions. In the laboratory, scientists have been able to induce embryonic stem cells to develop into heart muscle cells or insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The hope is that embryonic stem cells might one day be used to restore or replace failing cells in the human body and perhaps treat a wide range of diseases.
"Embryonic stem cells have a very high potential in medicine," Majumder said. "The critical thing is to learn the mechanisms that could be used to generate a lot of self-renewing embryonic stem cells and be able to differentiate them into various cell types." REST could play a key role in maintaining a steady supply of these cells and in preserving their differentiation capability.
Suppressing MicroRNA-21 本人认领，若48小时内未给出译文，则由其它战友自由认领。 Protein Protects Embryonic Stem Cells' Versatility And Self-renewal
一种能够维持胚胎干细胞多能性和自我更新能力的蛋白
ScienceDaily (Mar. 23, 2008) — A protein known as REST blocks the expression of a microRNA that prevents embryonic stem cells from reproducing themselves and causes them to differentiate into specific cell types, scientists at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center report in the journal Nature.
科学日报（2008年3月23日）---来自德克萨斯M.D Anderson肿瘤中心的科学家在自然杂质上发表文章称，某种小RNA分子具有阻止胚胎干细胞自我更新和使干细胞定向分化为特定细胞类型的能力，一种名为REST的蛋白能够通过阻断该小RNA分子的表达从而维持胚胎干细胞多能性和自我更新能力的蛋白。
Researchers show RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) plays a dual role in embryonic stem cells, said senior author Sadhan Majumder, Ph.D., professor in M. D. Anderson's Department of Cancer Genetics. "It maintains self-renewal, or the cell's ability to make more and more cells of its own type, and it maintains pluripotency, meaning that the cells have the potential to become any type of cell in the body."
研究人员发现RE1沉默转录因子（REST）在胚胎干细胞中扮演着双重角色，文章的主要作者来自M.D Anderson肿瘤遗传学中心的Sadhan Majumder教授(博士)表示“REST具有维持胚胎干细胞的自我更新能力，也就是细胞克隆更多自己的能力，同时REST保持了胚胎干细胞的多能性，即胚胎干细胞分化为体内任何种类细胞的能力。
The paper posted online March 23 in advance of publication grew from M. D. Anderson research on the protein's role in medulloblastoma -- an exceptionally aggressive pediatric brain cancer.
3月23日先于印刷版的自然杂志网络版刊登了M.D Anderson肿瘤中心关于REST在成神经管细胞瘤（一种极具攻击性的儿科脑瘤）中的作用的研究。
Embryonic stem cells are essentially blank slates. They have the unique ability to develop from identical, unspecialized cells and then differentiate into distinct types of cells with special functions. In the laboratory, scientists have been able to induce embryonic stem cells to develop into heart muscle cells or insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The hope is that embryonic stem cells might one day be used to restore or replace failing cells in the human body and perhaps treat a wide range of diseases.
胚胎干细胞本质上就像空白名单。其具有独特的发育成功能完全相同的未分化细胞的能力，同时，如果需要，他们又能分化成具有特定功能的不同类型的细胞。在实验中，科学家们已经成功地诱导胚胎干细胞分化为心肌细胞和分泌胰岛素的胰腺细胞。希望有一天，人们可以利用胚胎干细胞来重塑或者代替人体凋亡的细胞，而且有可能用来治疗许多疾病。
"Embryonic stem cells have a very high potential in medicine," Majumder said. "The critical thing is to learn the mechanisms that could be used to generate a lot of self-renewing embryonic stem cells and be able to differentiate them into various cell types." REST could play a key role in maintaining a steady supply of these cells and in preserving their differentiation capability.
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2010-12-26 17:14
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