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【文摘发布】生物膜在耳鼻喉科感染中的重要作
Author：Petros V. Vlastarakos, MD, MSc; Thomas P. Nikolopoulos, MD, DM, PhD; Paul Maragoudakis, MD, PhD; Antonios Tzagaroulakis, MD, PhD; Eleftherios Ferekidis, MD, PhD
Resource: Laryngoscope, 117:668–673, 2007
Background: Biofilms present a new challenging
concept in sustaining chronic, common antibioticresistant
ear, nose, and throat (ENT) infections. They
are communities of sessile bacteria embedded in a
matrix of extracellular polymeric substances of their
own synthesis that adhere to a foreign body or a mucosal
surface with impaired host defense. The aim of
this paper is to review the literature on ENT diseases
that can be attributed to biofilm formation and to
discuss options for future treatment. Materials and
Methods: Literature review from Medline and database
sources. Electronic links and related books were
also included. Study Selection: Controlled clinical trials,
animal models, ex vivo models, laboratory studies,
retrospective studies, and systematic reviews. Data
Synthesis: Biofilm formation is a dynamic five-step
process guided by interbacterial communicating systems.
Bacteria in biofilms express different genes
and have markedly different phenotypes from their
planktonic counterparts. Detachment of cells, production
of endotoxin, increased resistance to the host
immune system, and provision of a niche for the generation
of resistant organisms are biofilm processes
that could initiate the infection process. Effective prevention
and management strategies include interruption
of quorum sensing, inhibition of related genes,
disruption of the protective extrapolymer matrix,
macrolides (clarithromycin and erythromycin), and
mechanical debridement of the biofilm-bearing tissues.
With regard to medical indwelling devices, surface
treatment of fluoroplastic grommets and redesign
of cochlear implants could minimize initial
microbial colonization. Conclusion: As the role of biofilms
in human infection becomes better defined, ENT
surgeons should be prepared to deal with their
unique and tenacious nature. Key Words: Biofilms,
bacteria, infections, otitis media with effusion,
chronic rhinosinusitis. 本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领 [标签:content1][标签:content2]
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-04-07 18:34
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