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【社会人文】在83％鸡中发现细菌
Bacteria found in 83% of chickens
Updated 12/5/2006 7:21 AM
By Elizabeth Weise, USA TODAY
Cook your chicken to 165 degrees and wash up with soap and hot water afterward. That's the take-home message of a report released Monday by Consumer Reports. It found that 83% of 525 chickens it tested were infected with either campylobacter or salmonella bacteria or both.
The chickens were purchased from supermarkets, bulk retailers, gourmet shops and natural food stores in 23 states. Both bacteria can cause diarrhea, cramping, fever, nausea and vomiting, and life-threatening infections in the elderly, babies and people with impaired immune systems.
Government agencies must act if consumers are to trust the chicken supply, says Geoffrey Martin, the magazine's director of consumer science.
Those figures are "greatly exaggerated," counters Richard Lobb of the National Chicken Council. And Richard Raymond of the U.S. Department of Agriculture notes that the number of chickens tested was very small. "That's 500 samples out of 9 billion chickens slaughtered a year," he says.
The report's salmonella rate was 15%. That's in line with USDA figures showing a 16.3% rate in 2005, Raymond says.
But Consumer Reports found campylobacter in a whopping 81% of the chickens it tested, up from 42% in a 2003 test. USDA does not yet test for the bacteria, although Raymond says it is researching a testing protocol.
Federal regulation is "beyond overdue," says Jean Halloran of the Consumers Union, which publishes the magazine. "They may criticize our testing methodology but they're not doing any testing at all."
Earlier studies have yielded very different findings. A 2005 study by the USDA and National Chicken Council found only 26% of 4,200 broiler carcasses tested were infected with the bacteria. A 2004 study by the Food and Drug Administration found campylobacter in 60% in chicken breasts. Each used different scientific methods.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that campylobacter and salmonella from all sources sickens more than 3.4 million Americans each year and kills more than 700. But rates of the campylobacteriosis infection are down 30% since 1998, the CDC says, to 12.6 infections per 100,000 people.
Campylobacter is easily destroyed, the CDC's Robert Tauxe says. Soap, hot water, cooking or freezing kills it readily. "You leave salmonella out overnight on the counter and it grows. You leave campylobacter out and it dies." 本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领 Bacteria found in 83% of chickens
Updated 12/5/2006 7:21 AM
By Elizabeth Weise, USA TODAY
在83％鸡中发现细菌
2006年12月5日 上午7:21更新
作者Elizabeth Weise，今日美国
Cook your chicken to 165 degrees and wash up with soap and hot water afterward. That's the take-home message of a report released Monday by Consumer Reports. It found that 83% of 525 chickens it tested were infected with either campylobacter or salmonella bacteria or both.
将鸡在165度下煮熟，然后用热水和肥皂洗净。这是周一消费者杂志一篇报道的结论性消息。一项检测发现525只鸡中的83%被弯曲杆菌或沙门菌感染，或者借有。
The chickens were purchased from supermarkets, bulk retailers, gourmet shops and natural food stores in 23 states. Both bacteria can cause diarrhea, cramping, fever, nausea and vomiting, and life-threatening infections in the elderly, babies and people with impaired immune systems.
这些鸡都是从美国23家超市购、零售店、美食店和天然食品商店购买的。两种细菌都可导致腹泻、腹痛、发热、恶性呕吐，对老年人、婴儿和免疫系统受损的人可造成威胁生命的感染。
Government agencies must act if consumers are to trust the chicken supply, says Geoffrey Martin, the magazine's director of consumer science.
消费者科学杂志的负责人Geoffrey Martin说，政府机构必须采取行动以使消费者相信鸡肉的供应。
Those figures are "greatly exaggerated," counters Richard Lobb of the National Chicken Council. And Richard Raymond of the U.S. Department of Agriculture notes that the number of chickens tested was very small. "That's 500 samples out of 9 billion chickens slaughtered a year," he says.
国家养鸡委员会的Richard Lobb反对说，这些数据“过于夸大”。美国农业部的Richard Raymond注意到检测的鸡肉数量非常小。他说“这只是一年屠宰的90亿只鸡中的500只而已。”
The report's salmonella rate was 15%. That's in line with USDA figures showing a 16.3% rate in 2005, Raymond says.
报道称沙门氏菌的感染率为15%。Raymond说，这与美国农业部2005年调查的16.3%感染率符合。
But Consumer Reports found campylobacter in a whopping 81% of the chickens it tested, up from 42% in a 2003 test. USDA does not yet test for the bacteria, although Raymond says it is researching a testing protocol.
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-04-17 17:11
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