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汇003 地震头外伤Head trauma due to earthquake 2006
Head trauma due to earthquake october, 2005 - experience of 300 cases at the combined military hospital rawalpindi.
Bhatti SH, Ahmed I, Qureshi NA, Akram M, Khan J.
Department of Neurosurgery, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi.
Objective: To assess the spectrum and management of head injuries among earthquake victims.
目的：评估地震受伤者头部外伤的类型和处理
Study Design: Case series.
实验设计：病例系列。
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Surgical Ward II, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from October 2005 to December 2006.
地点和时间：拉瓦尔第品联合军队医院第二外科部，时间2005年10月至2006年12月。
Patients and Methods: Three hundred consecutive cases of head injury, secondary to earthquake were included in the study. Plain X-rays of skulls were undertaken in clinically stable patients with head injuries. Cases with altered level of consciousness and compound depressed fractures were advised CT scan of head. Pus swabs were taken from open wounds. Proformas were maintained for every patient. Head injury was classified as mild, moderate and severe, and each patient was treated accordingly.
病人和方法：连续性收治300名地震头部外伤病人。病情稳定的患者进行头颅平片检查。意识状态改变和复合性压缩性骨折的患者进行头颅CT扫描。从开放性伤口取得脓液标本。头部外伤被分为轻度、中度和重度，并进行相应的治疗。
Results: One hundred and twenty three (41%) patients were children under 10 years of age. Adults below 55 years were 69 (23%) and above 55 years were 108 (36%). Mean age was 32.2 years (SD + 6.7). Female to male ratio was 1.1:1. One hundred and sixty five (55%) cases were of mild head injury, 103 (34.3%) patients had moderate head injury and 32 (10.7%) patients had severe head injury. Majority (48.7%) of patients was managed conservatively. Minor surgeries were done in 17% of patients and major surgeries were done in 34.3% of patients. Glasgow Outcome Scale assessment was made at the end of 6 months and 1 year. Mortality increased from 3.3% to 7% in one year time.
结 果：123（41%）的病人为10岁以下儿童。55岁以下成人为69（23%），55岁以上为108（36%）。平均年龄为32.3（标准差 6.7）。女性：男性比例为1.1：1。165人（55%）为轻度外伤，103（34.3%）为中度，32人（10.7%）为重度脑损伤。大部分病人采用 了常规治疗（48.7%）。17%病人进行了小手术，34.3%病人施行了大手术。分别在6个月和一年后进行了Glasgow评分检测。一年内死亡率从3.3%增加到7%。
Conclusion: Patients at the extremes of age are more vulnerable to trauma and should be given timely attention in disaster management plans. General and trauma surgeons should be well-versed with the techniques and indications of burr hole evacuation of life threatening intracranial haematomas in situations, where early evacuation is unattainable.
结论：年幼和年老的病人更容易发生外伤，在灾害处理中对这些病人应该给予及时的关注。普外和创伤科医生应该熟练掌握抢救技术和钻孔减压术的指征以降低颅内出血对生命的威胁，尤其是早期疏散无法实现的情况下。
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2010-10-23 17:11
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