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【文摘发布】肿瘤的发生和进展：干细胞和微环
Cancer initiation and progression: Involvement of stem cells and the microenvironment.
The molecular events that lead to the cancer-initiating cell involve critical mutations in genes regulating normal cell growth and differentiation. Cancer stem cells, or cancer initiating cells have been described in the context of acute myeloid leukemia, breast, brain, bone, lung, melanoma and prostate. These cells have been shown to be critical in tumor development and should harbor the mutations needed to initiate a tumor. The origin of the cancer stem cells is not clear. They may be derived from stem cell pools, progenitor cells or differentiated cells that undergo trans-differentiation processes. It has been suggested that cell fusion and/or horizontal gene transfer events, which may occur in tissue repair processes, also might play an important role in tumor initiation and progression. Fusion between somatic cells that have undergone a set of specific mutations and normal stem cells might explain the extensive chromosomal derangements seen in early tumors. Centrosome deregulation can be an integrating factor in many of the mechanisms involved in tumor development. The regulation of the balance between cell renewal and cell death is critical in cancer. Increased knowledge of developmental aspects in relation to self-renewal and differentiation, both under normal and deregulated conditions, will probably shed more light on the mechanisms that lead to tumor initiation and progression.
PMID: 17374555 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
肿瘤的发生和进展：干细胞和微环境参与其中
导致产生肿瘤始动细胞的分子事件包括调节正常细胞生长和分化的基因发生了重要突变。在急性髓系白血病、乳腺、骨、肺、黑色素瘤和前列腺肿瘤中均已有肿瘤干细胞、或肿瘤始动细胞的描述。业已证明这些细胞在肿瘤发生中的关键作用，并具备肿瘤发生所需要的突变。肿瘤干细胞的来源尚不明确，可能源于干细胞池、祖细胞或能够横向分化的已分化细胞。现有研究表明，组织修复过程中可能发生细胞融合和/或水平基因转移事件，这在肿瘤的发生和进展中可能发挥重要作用。已经发生了一系列特异性突变的体细胞和正常干细胞的融合可以解释早期肿瘤中广泛可见的染色体紊乱。中心体失调可能是与肿瘤发生有关的众多机制中不可或缺的因素。在肿瘤中细胞更新和细胞死亡之间平衡的调节很关键。对稳态和失调情况下自我更新和分化方面知识的了解，可能为揭示肿瘤发生和进展的机制带来曙光。 [标签:content1][标签:content2]
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-04-07 18:13
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