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【medical-news】南非：HIV阳性患者有无生育权？讨
UN Integrated Regional Information Networks 本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领。 South Africa: Reproductive Rights of HIV Positive People Under Discussion
南非：HIV阳性患者有无生育权？讨论中……
Few services are available for people living with HIV who want to conceive safely.
现时没有措施让HIV患者安全怀孕。
HIV-positive Phindile Madonsela always used a condom with her partner, but one day it broke. When it had happened before, she had gone to the local clinic and obtained emergency contraception, also known as the morning-after pill, but this time she did not go because she feared the disapproving attitude of the nurses. Later she discovered she was pregnant.
HIV阳性患者Phindile Madonsela长期使用避孕套，但有一次避孕套破了。以前如果出现这种情况，她会去当地诊所进行紧急避孕，即服用晨起型避孕药，但这一次她没有这样做，因为她害怕护士们责难的眼光。后来，她发现自己怀孕了。
Madonsela, a volunteer HIV/AIDS educator for AIDS lobby group, the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC), had mixed feelings. "I promote condoms, so I felt very bad about being pregnant," she told PlusNews. "But I said to people, 'I'm positive, and I still have the right to have a baby.'"
Madonsela是艾滋病院外团体“治疗行动活动”(TAC)的志愿教育工作者，她对此有复杂的感觉。 她告诉PlusNews，她支持使用避孕套，不想怀孕，但她会告诉其他人：“我HIV阳性，但我有生育权。”
She received no advice from counsellors or health workers but consulted her church elders and her mother. "My mother was very angry with me that I was pregnant - she didn't realise I could have a negative baby."
她没有接受辅导员和卫生工作者的意见，而去咨询教会的长辈和她妈妈。“我妈妈对我怀孕的事很生气—她不知道我生的小孩可以是阴性。”
From her work with the TAC, Madonsela knew that if she took Nevirapine, an antiretroviral (ARV) drug available from the public health sector, during labour and also gave it to her baby soon after birth, she could significantly reduce the chances of infecting her child with HIV, and formula feeding instead of breastfeeding would further reduce the risk. Her little girl, now 2 years old, is healthy.
Madonsela从TAC的工作中了解到，如果她在分娩过程中使用在公共卫生部门获取的抗反转录病毒药奈韦拉平，并在婴儿出生后立即让其服用这药，那么将会大大降低传染HIV的机会，同时用配方奶粉取代母乳喂养会进一步减少传染风险。现在她的女儿已经2岁了，身体非常健康。
According to the Guttmacher Institute, a sexual and reproductive health nongovernmental organisation (NGO), research in both the developed and developing world suggests that HIV status does not significantly dampen people's desire to have children. As more and more HIV-infected South Africans access life-prolonging antiretroviral (ARV) treatment, the question of whether or not to have a child, and how to do so as safely as possible, is bound to become more common.
性和生育健康非政府组织Guttmacher协会对发达国家和发展中国家的调查研究显示，HIV的身份没有大大降低人们对生育的渴望。随着越来越到HIV感染的南非人获得终身抗反转录病毒治疗，是否生育、如何安全生育这类问题变得越来越普遍。
There is no official framework to guide health workers on advising HIV-positive people about their reproductive rights and options. Dr Anna Amos, head of women's health in the health department, said guidelines were being developed and a policy document was likely to be released some time in 2007.
关于HIV阳性患者生育权和选择权方面的问题，现时的政府机构没有对卫生工作者作出指引。卫生部妇女保健主任安娜·阿莫斯博士表示政府部门正在制定指导方针，正式的政策文件可能在2007年公布。
"I think there's a realisation that there's a need, but at the moment it's very haphazard," said Dr Vivienne Black of the Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit (RHRU) at the University of the Witwatersrand.
威特沃特斯兰德大学生育健康和HIV研究部的维维恩·布莱克博士认为，人们已经意识到HIV阳性患者有生育方面的需求，但现时来说，这还只是个偶然事件。
The disapproval of friends and family, and even some health workers, may deter those less well-informed than Madonsela from learning more about their options. "Most people think if you're positive you don't have the right to be in a relationship, or to have a baby," she said.
来自朋友、家庭甚至一些卫生工作者的非难，会阻止那些不了解情况的人去获取更多的信息。“大多数人认为你是阳性的你就没有生育权了。”
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-04-02 05:14
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