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【drug-news】Chronic hepatitis can be hidden, lifelong infe
Source: Managed Healthcare Executive
By: Elaine Zablocki
Originally published: November 1, 2005
（肝炎病毒能被隐藏，长期传染）
Drugs for Hepatitis B and C
HEPATITIS B AND C are serious viral diseases that can lead to lifelong infection, cirrhosis, liver cancer, liver failure and death. They often produce chronic, hidden infections. An estimated 1.25 million Americans are infected with hepatitis B, and about 30% of them have no signs or symptoms. An estimated 2.7 million Americans have chronic hepatitis C, and about 80% of them have no signs or symptoms. Both diseases are transmitted through blood and other bodily fluids. 肝炎B型和C型是过滤性病毒引起的严重的疾病，并导致终身传染，肝硬化，肝癌，肝功能衰竭以至死亡。肝炎病毒通常产生慢性的，隐藏的传染，估计大约有125万的美国人感染了B型肝炎，其中的30%的人没有任何迹象和症状。大约有270万的美国人患有C型肝炎，其中的80%的没有迹象和症状。两种疾病都是通过血液和体液传播。
Viral hepatitis is frequently treated with interferon alfa, available in several forms:
· Alferon N (alfa-n3)
· Infergen (alfacon-1)
· Intron A (alfa-2b)
· Peg-Intron (pegylated alfa-2b)
· Pegasys (pegylated alfa-2a)
· Roferon-A (alfa-2a)
（滤过性病毒引起的肝炎通常用α-干扰素治疗，有下列几种形式：
· Alferon N (alfa-n3)
· Infergen (alfacon-1)
· Intron A (alfa-2b)
· Peg-Intron (pegylated alfa-2b)
· Pegasys (pegylated alfa-2a)
· Roferon-A (alfa-2a)
Interferon is a naturally occurring protein that stimulates the immune system, available in various manufactured forms. Interferon injections are commonly associated with flulike symptoms, especially during the first phase of therapy. High-dose or chronic interferon therapy may lead to profound fatigue, weight loss, cough, increases in bacterial infections, depression, anxiety and hearing problems.
（干扰素是一种刺激免疫系统的分泌蛋白，有各种各样的人造形式。干扰素注射液治疗通常伴随有流感的症状，特别是治疗的第一个阶段，高剂量或者长期的干扰素治疗可能会导致疲乏，体重减轻，咳嗽，细菌感染增强，情绪低落，焦虑和听力问题等各种副作用。）
"Interferon generally stimulates many functions of white blood cells, so they release cytokines, just as they do when your body is fighting off a cold or flu virus," says Samuel B. Ho, MD, FACP, director of the Hepatitis C Resource Center of the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Minneapolis, and a board member of the Minnesota chapter of the American Liver Foundation. "One of the advantages of interferon alfa is that since it has so many different actions, the viruses do not develop a specific resistance against it."
（“通常干扰素刺激白细胞的许多功能，白细胞产生细胞因子，作用机制与机体抵抗感冒或者流感病毒一样，”在Minneapolis市的the Hepatitis C Resource Center of the Veterans Affairs Medical Center担任主任，美国肝脏基金会Minnesota分会的董事局成员，医学博士Samuel B. Ho表示，“α干扰素的一大优点是，即便它有许多不同的作用，病毒对它也没有产生特别的抗体。”
HEPATITIS C TREATMENT
Pegylated interferons have a special chemical form that allows them to be absorbed more slowly, and thus administered less often. For hepatitis C, pegylated interferon used once a week is more effective than standard interferon used three times a week, and can reduce viral load by 30% to 40%.
Ribavirin is also used for treatment. The current preferred treatment for chronic hepatitis C is a combination of pegylated interferon and oral ribavirin, which decreases viral load by 54% to 63%. "Combination treatment has produced higher sustained response rates than pegylated interferon alone and is now considered the regimen of choice," says Gianna Zuccotti, MD, MPH, deputy editor of The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics, a nonprofit newsletter that critically appraises drugs. "Patients who relapse after interferon monotherapy may still respond to the combination. Ribavirin is not effective as monotherapy for hepatitis C."
（C型肝炎的治疗 聚乙二醇干扰素具有可以使药物缓慢吸收的特殊化学结构，所以使用得不频繁。对于C型肝炎，聚乙二醇干扰素每星期使用一次比普通干扰素一个星期使用三次的效果好得多，可以减少30%到40%的病毒载量。病毒唑同样用于治疗，目前慢性C型肝炎的首选治疗方案就是聚乙二醇干扰素和病毒唑的联合使用，可以减少54%到63%的病毒载量。“联合治疗与聚乙二醇干扰素单独治疗相比，可以产生持续的高响应率。它被视为最佳的选择，” 药物与医疗通讯---批判评价药物的非盈利时事通讯杂志，该杂志的副主编Gianna Zuccotti表示，“干扰素治疗后复发的病人使用联合治疗仍然有效，而病毒唑单独治疗C型肝炎是无效的。”
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-07-14 17:13
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