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【medical-news】研究发现新技术可早期诊断黑色素
一项新研究表明，DNA的甲基化生物标记物检测技术是可行，可以帮助更早，更精确诊断黑色素瘤。
最近在网上杂志《色素细胞和黑色素瘤的研究》一份文件中，一个联合***司令部研究小组研究了DNA甲基化分析测试是否可以诊断被保存在固定剂的典型黑色素瘤活检组织病理。他们发现，这种方式的结果是可靠的，DNA甲基化分辨出了恶性黑色素瘤和非恶性黑色素瘤。
黑色素瘤是青壮年最常见的癌症之一，目前仍然在上升。自1980年以来恶性黑色素瘤在30岁以下妇女的发病率增加了百分之五十以上。
“黑色素瘤早期诊断，预后良好。然而，一旦蔓延，是非常难以治疗。黑色素瘤和痣都出现在皮肤，由于相似在显微镜下诊断困难。这就是为什么我们要判断DNA甲基化试验作为诊断工具是否可行：“联合***司令部莱恩伯格综合癌症中心和皮肤科的教授，南希托马斯博士补充说。
凯瑟琳康威多尔西博士补充说：“我们因为这项研究感到非常兴奋，我们已经证明，这种类型的测试是可行的，它能可靠地分辨皮肤黑色素瘤和良性病变。制订分子测试可以帮助黑色素瘤的早期诊断，这对于患者来说显着获益。“ 康威多是流行病学研究助理教授，北卡罗来纳的吉林斯全球公共卫生学院和联合***司令部莱恩伯格综合癌症中心的成员。
该小组的研究发现黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤性病变有22个基因甲基化水平显着不同，以及有12个点可以高度预测恶性黑色素瘤。对于托马斯来说，团队的另一个目标是建立一个黑色素瘤肿瘤细胞DNA的脱落进入血液试验，并可以作为测量疾病DNA甲基化的依据。
“如果这测试可以发展起来的,它将开启早期诊断和治疗复发肿瘤的大门，肿瘤刚发生时更容易治疗，这也给我们提供了另一种方式，以监测患者对治疗的反应，并帮助我们更好地优化处理每一个病人，“托马斯说。
这项研究是由美国国家癌症研究所和一个UNC莱恩伯格试点格兰特赞助。
爱爱医推荐原文阅读：
A new study shows that a test of biomarkers for DNA methylation is technically feasible and could aid in earlier, more precise diagnosis of melanoma.
In a paper that recently appeared online in the journal Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, a team of UNC researchers tested whether DNA methylation profiling could be accomplished on melanoma and mole tissues that had been preserved in fixatives for typical pathology examination after biopsy. They found that results on tissues prepared in this way were reliable and DNA methylation distinguished malignant melanomas from non-malignant moles.
Melanoma is one of the only forms of cancer that is still on the rise and is the most common form of cancer in young adults. The incidence of melanoma in women under age 30 has increased more than 50 percent since 1980.
"When melanoma is diagnosed early, the prognosis is good. However, once it spreads, it is very difficult to treat. Melanomas and moles can appear similar on the skin and under the microscope making diagnosis of some melanomas difficult. That's why we wanted to determine whether a test for DNA methylation is feasible as a tool for diagnosis," added Nancy Thomas, MD, PhD, professor of dermatology and a member of UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.
Kathleen Conway Dorsey, Ph.D, added, "We are very excited because, with this study, we have shown that this type of testing is feasible and that it has the potential to reliably distinguish between melanoma and benign skin lesions. Devising a molecular test that could aid in the early specific diagnosis of melanoma could have significant benefit for patients." Conway is assistant research professor of epidemiology at UNC's Gillings School of Global Public Health and a member of UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.
The team's research pinpointed sites on 22 genes that have significantly different methylation levels between melanomas and non-melanoma lesions, as well as 12 locations that are highly predictive of melanoma. According to Thomas, another goal of the team is to develop a DNA-methylation test for melanoma tumor DNA that is shed into the bloodstream and that can serve as a measure for disease activity.
"If this test can be developed, it opens the door to diagnose recurrence early and initiate treatment while tumors are more likely to respond to treatment. It would also give us another way to monitor patients for response to treatment and help us better optimize treatments for each patient," Thomas noted.
Other members of the research team include Sharon Edmiston, BS, Zakaria Khondker, MStat, Pamela Groben, MD, clinical professor of pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Xin Zhou, PhD, Pei Fen Kuan, PhD, research assistant professor of biostatistics, Honglin Hao, Craig Carson, PhD, and David Ollila, MD, associate professor of surgery, all at UNC-Chapel Hill. The team also included Haitao Chu, MD, PhD, of the University of Minnesota and Marianne Berwick, PhD, MPH, of the University of New Mexico.
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-02-07 17:21
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