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【bio-news】2008年Albert Lasker 基础医学研究奖，大师
因小RNA和转录后基因调控的研究获得美国2008 年Albert Lasker 基础医学研究奖。多名大师级学术巨匠撰写文章做精彩的综述评论。
A trio of articles in Leading Edge pay tribute to this year’s winners of the prestigious Lasker Awards. Joel Neilson and Phillip Sharp discuss the pioneering work on short RNAs and posttranscriptional gene regulation by Victor Ambros, Gary Ruvkun, and David Baulcombe that has garnered the 2008 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award. In his article, Thomas Stossel discusses the remarkable discovery of statins, potent inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis, that has earned their discoverer, Akira Endo, the 2008 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award. And looking back over the amazing 50 year career of Stanley Falkow, winner of the 2008 Lasker-Koshland Special Achievement Award in Medical Science, Ralph Isberg delineates how Falkow’s groundbreaking research rewrote the textbooks on microbiology.
BenchMarks
Small RNA Regulators of Gene Expression
Joel R. Neilson1 and Phillip A. Sharp1,2,*
1Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research
2Department of Biology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
*Correspondence: sharppa@mit.edu
DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2008.09.006
This year, the Lasker Foundation recognizes Victor Ambros, Gary Ruvkun, and David Baulcombe
for their pioneering work elucidating the role of short RNA species in the posttranscriptional regulation
of eukaryotic gene expression.
http://download.cell.com/pdfs/0092-8674/PIIS0092867408011252.pdf
The Discovery of Statins
Thomas P. Stossel1,*
1Translational Medicine Unit, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
*Correspondence: tstossel@partners.org
DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2008.09.008
This year, the Lasker Foundation confers its Clinical Medical Research Award on Akira Endo for his
isolation from fungi of statins, potent inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis in the liver. The introduction
of statins to clinical practice has markedly reduced morbidity and mortality from atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease.
http://download.cell.com/pdfs/0092-8674/PIIS0092867408011276.pdf
Lasker-Koshland Award to 21st Century Microbe Master
Ralph R. Isberg1,2
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology
Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
*Correspondence: ralph.isberg@tufts.edu
DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2008.09.009
The 2008 Lasker-Koshland Award will be presented to Stanley Falkow, one of the legendary figures
in the history of microbiology research. Falkow’s many contributions remade the way we think
about bacterial pathogens, antibiotic resistance, and infectious disease.
http://download.cell.com/pdfs/0092-8674/PIIS0092867408011318.pdf “美国的诺贝尔奖”2008拉斯克医学奖公布
华人科学家简悦威1991年曾获该奖，当年他是全球唯一得奖人
拉斯克医学奖（Lasker Awards）是美国最具声望的生物医学奖，被誉为美国的诺贝尔奖。这个科学奖项始于1946年，是由纽约的艾伯特—玛丽·拉斯克基金会（Albert and Mary Lasker Foundation）颁发的。之所以这个奖项被称为美国的诺贝尔奖，除了其自身的权威性和影响性外，还由于这个奖项几乎每年50%的得奖者都得了诺贝尔奖。
拉斯克奖分为基础医学奖、临床医学奖和公众服务奖，其中前两项专门授予科学家，华人科学家简悦威在1991年曾获得过拉斯克奖，当年他是全球唯一的得奖人。
9月13日，艾伯特—玛丽·拉斯克基金会宣布了2008年拉斯克奖的获奖者：来自麻省大学医学院的Victor Ambros，麻省总医院的Gary Ruvkun，以及英国剑桥大学的David Baulcombe获得了基础医学奖，获奖理由为他们在microRNAs方面的突出贡献。前两位主要针对秀丽线虫中的microRNAs进行研究，而 Baulcombe则是由于植物miRNA的研究获得了这一奖项。
临床医学奖由日本东京生物医药实验室的Akira Endo获得——他发现了能降低LDL胆固醇的statin。另外斯坦福大学的Stanley Falkow由于在微生物与宿主病原体之间相互作用方面的成果获得了医学科学特殊贡献奖（两年一次）。
拉斯克基金会主席Maria Freire说，“2008拉斯克奖代表了最好的科学成果：智慧，创新，贴近和提高人们的生活”。今年的奖项具有“日本，英国和美国医学研究成果的全球性质”。
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-06-02 17:11
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