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【medical-news】Framingham最新研究显示美国人酒精摄
Alcohol consumption among participants in the Framingham heart study has steadily decreased over the past 50 years and probably indicates a change in the drinking habits of white non-Hispanic US men and women, according to a study in the American Journal of Medicine (2008; 121:695-701, doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.03.013)
The average amount of alcohol used has decreased, the percentage of people reporting moderate use has steadily increased, and the percentage reporting heavy drinking has decreased. Because moderate drinking may have beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease and other diseases of ageing, the study results are "encouraging," the authors write.
The study grouped participants in the original Framingham heart study, begun in 1948, and those in a related study of their offspring, begun in 1971, by four birth cohorts—born before 1900, 1900-1919, 1929-1939, and 1940-1959.
"Over 50 years of follow-up, there was a steady decrease across succeeding birth cohorts in average alcohol intake, with more moderate and less heavy consumption. The proportion of alcohol from beer decreased and that from wine increased in succeeding cohorts and with age," say the authors from the Boston University school of medicine and school of public health and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute in Massachusetts.
However, despite more favourable drinking patterns, the risk of alcohol dependence did not decrease.
The study, supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, used self reported data on alcohol use that was collected from 8600 participants in the Framingham study from 1948 to 2003. They were interviewed and examined repeatedly. It was based on a "page by page review of all paper records available on each participant to better elucidate the pattern of drinking, seek evidence of consequences of alcohol use, and identify people with alcohol use disorders."
Moderate drinkers were defined as those whose average use of alcohol met the current US guidelines—24 g of alcohol or less a day for men and 12 g or less a day for women and no heavy episodic drinking (more than four standard drinks for men and more than three for women on one occasion).
Average consumption of alcohol declined among men and women. "Among men between ages 30 and 59 years, the age adjusted mean alcohol consumption was 30.6, 25.5, and 21.0 g/day for those born in 1900-1920, 1920-1930, and 1940-59, respectively (P<0.001)," the authors report. Among women, the average daily consumption also declined, from 14.2, 12.3, and 10.4 g/day (P <0.001). A similar pattern was seen among men and women aged 60-79.
The average amount of alcohol used was highest between 30 and 59, and decreased with age. There was a striking decrease in beer drinking and a gradual increase in wine drinking with age among all birth cohorts for both men and women. There was also a steady increase in abstinence with age for all birth cohorts for men and women.
However, cumulative incidence of an alcohol use disorder, which usually develops before 40, between ages 40 and 79 changed little. The overall cumulative incidence for the combined cohorts was 12.8% for men and 3.8% for women, based on a code for an alcohol use disorder. When the analysis included either a code or keywords such as "lost job because of drinking" or "attends Alcoholics Anonymous" were included, the incidence rose to 13.8% for men and 4.4% for women.
Cite this as: BMJ 2008;337:a1271 [标签:content1][标签:content2]
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-03-12 23:53
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