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【medical-news】新英格兰医学杂志：灭活流感疫苗
"Young infants and pregnant women are at increased risk for serious consequences of influenza infection," write K. Zaman, MB, BS, PhD, from the International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and colleagues.
In this study, 340 pregnant women in the third trimester were randomly assigned to receive inactivated influenza vaccine or the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (control). Mothers were interviewed weekly about signs of illness in themselves or their infants from birth to 24 weeks. Participants with febrile respiratory tract illness were examined clinically, and ill infants were tested for influenza antigens. Outcomes included respiratory tract and other illnesses, incidence rate ratios, and vaccine effectiveness.
Compared with infants in the control group, those born to mothers who received influenza vaccine had fewer cases of laboratory-confirmed influenza, with a vaccine effectiveness of 63% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5% - 85%).
For preventing respiratory tract illness with fever, maternal vaccine effectiveness in infants was 29% (95% CI, 7% - 46%). Mothers vaccinated against influenza had a 36% reduction in the rate of respiratory tract illness with fever (95% CI, 4% - 57%). The rate of diarrheal illness was similar in both study groups.
Limitations of this study include lack of data on prevalent influenza strains, insufficient power to assess the infrequent outcomes of influenza, and testing of only some of the infants for influenza.
"Inactivated influenza vaccine reduced proven influenza illness by 63% in infants up to 6 months of age and averted approximately a third of all febrile respiratory illnesses in mothers and young infants," the study authors conclude. "Maternal influenza immunization is a strategy with substantial benefits for both mothers and infants."
The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, USAID, HHS, the Thrasher Research Fund, National Vaccine Program Office, Wyeth, Aventis Pasteur, Johns Hopkins University, and the International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research supported this study. Some of the study authors have disclosed various financial relationships with the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, USAID, Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, and/or sanofi aventis.
N Engl J Med. Published online September 16, 2008. 本人认领编译此文，若超过48小时未交工，他人自由认领 September 19, 2008 — Maternal immunization with inactivated influenza vaccine is associated with a 63% reduction in laboratory-confirmed influenza and a 29% reduction in respiratory tract illness with fever in infants up to 6 months old, according to the results of a randomized controlled, blinded trial reported in the September 16 Online First issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
2008/9/18-在9月16日新英格兰杂志网络首发的单盲法报道称，按照随机控制结果，用灭活的流感疫苗给孕产妇免疫，与减少63％的实验室证实流感和29％的6个月内发热婴幼儿呼吸道疾病相关。
"Young infants and pregnant women are at increased risk for serious consequences of influenza infection," write K. Zaman, MB, BS, PhD, from the International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and colleagues.
“婴幼儿和怀孕妇女患流感的严重结果的风险增加，”来自Dhaka腹泻疾病研究国际中心的K. Zaman, MB, BS, PhD和他的同事们写道。
In this study, 340 pregnant women in the third trimester were randomly assigned to receive inactivated influenza vaccine or the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (control). Mothers were interviewed weekly about signs of illness in themselves or their infants from birth to 24 weeks. Participants with febrile respiratory tract illness were examined clinically, and ill infants were tested for influenza antigens. Outcomes included respiratory tract and other illnesses, incidence rate ratios, and vaccine effectiveness.
在这个研究中，340名孕妇在孕期第三个三个月中被随机的分配接受灭活流感疫苗或者23－价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗注射（对照）。每周访问一次母亲,观察她们自身的疾病信号或者她们自出生到24周的婴儿。伴有发热的呼吸道疾病的参与者做临床检查，测定患病婴儿的流感抗原。结果包括呼吸道和其它的疾病，发病率的比例和疫苗效价。
Compared with infants in the control group, those born to mothers who received influenza vaccine had fewer cases of laboratory-confirmed influenza, with a vaccine effectiveness of 63% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5% - 85%).
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-06-01 14:36
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