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【文摘发布】乙肝病毒穿越滋养层屏障转移
题目:Hepatitis B virus translocates across a trophoblastic barrier
作者:Bhat P, Anderson DA
摘要:Maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) accounts for up to 30% of worldwide chronic infections. The mechanism and high-risk period of HBV transmission from mother to infant is unknown. Although largely prevented by neonatal vaccination, significant transmission continues to occur in high-risk populations. It is unclear whether HBV can traverse an intact epithelial barrier to infect a new host. Transplacental transmission of a number of viruses rely on transcyctotic pathways across placental cells. We wished to determine whether infectious HBV can traverse a polarized trophoblast monolayer. We used a human placenta-derived cell line, BeWo, cultured on membranes as polarized monolayers, to model the maternal-fetal barrier. We assessed the effects of placental maturity and maternal immunoglobulin on viral transport. Intracellular viral trafficking pathways were investigated using confocal microscopy. Free HBV (and infectious duck hepatitis B virus) transcytosed across trophoblastic cells at a rate of 5% in 30 min. Viral transport occurred in microtubule-dependent, endosomal vesicles. Additionally, confocal microscopy showed that the internalized virus traverses a monensin-sensitive endosomal compartment. Differentiation of the cytotrophoblasts to syncytiotrophoblasts resulted in a 25% reduction in viral transcytosis, suggesting placental maturity may protect the fetus. Virus translocation was also reduced in the presence of HBV immunoglobulin. We show for the first time that transcytosis of infectious hepadnavirus can occur across a trophoblastic barrier early in gestation, with the risk of transmission being reduced by placental maturity and specific maternal antibody. This study suggests a mechanism by which maternal-infant transmission may occur.
PMID:17442714 本人认领此文. 如在48小时内未能提交译文, 其他战友自由认领. 来源J Virol. 2007 Apr 18
病毒学杂志 2007年4月18日
题目:Hepatitis B virus translocates across a trophoblastic barrier
乙肝病毒穿越滋养层屏障转移
作者:Bhat P, Anderson DA
摘要:Maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) accounts for up to 30% of worldwide chronic infections. The mechanism and high-risk period of HBV transmission from mother to infant is unknown. Although largely prevented by neonatal vaccination, significant transmission continues to occur in high-risk populations. It is unclear whether HBV can traverse an intact epithelial barrier to infect a new host. Transplacental transmission of a number of viruses rely on transcyctotic pathways across placental cells.
母婴传播的乙肝病毒( HBV ) 占全世界的慢性感染比例高达30%。由母亲传染给婴儿的机制及高危险期现在还不清楚，虽然通过新生儿接种疫苗很大一部分被阻止，但是在高危人群中仍然有很高的传染率。目前还不清楚乙肝病毒是否可以穿过完整的上皮屏障来感染一个新的宿主。一些病毒靠穿过胎盘细胞的穿细胞通路进行垂直传播的。
We wished to determine whether infectious HBV can traverse a polarized trophoblast monolayer. We used a human placenta-derived cell line, BeWo, cultured on membranes as polarized monolayers, to model the maternal-fetal barrier. We assessed the effects of placental maturity and maternal immunoglobulin on viral transport.
我们希望了解乙肝病毒是否可以穿过单层极滋养层细胞。我们利用人类胎盘来源的细胞株BeWo，以单层极化细胞在膜上培养，以建立母婴屏障的模型。我们评估了胎盘成熟度和母体免疫球蛋白对病毒转运的影响。
Intracellular viral trafficking pathways were investigated using confocal microscopy. Free HBV (and infectious duck hepatitis B virus) transcytosed across trophoblastic cells at a rate of 5% in 30 min. Viral transport occurred in microtubule-dependent, endosomal vesicles. Additionally, confocal microscopy showed that the internalized virus traverses a monensin-sensitive endosomal compartment.
我们用共聚焦显微镜研究了细胞内病毒传输通路。单个乙肝病毒（和感染鸭乙肝病毒）30分钟以5%的速率穿过滋养层细胞。病毒的转运发生在微管依赖的内体小泡。此外，共聚焦显微镜显示内在病毒穿越过一个莫能菌素敏感的内涵体。
Differentiation of the cytotrophoblasts to syncytiotrophoblasts resulted in a 25% reduction in viral transcytosis, suggesting placental maturity may protect the fetus. Virus translocation was also reduced in the presence of HBV immunoglobulin. We show for the first time that transcytosis of infectious hepadnavirus can occur across a trophoblastic barrier early in gestation, with the risk of transmission being reduced by placental maturity and specific maternal antibody. This study suggests a mechanism by which maternal-infant transmission may occur.
细胞滋养层到合体滋养层的分化导致病毒的跨细胞作用降低了25％，提示了胎盘的成熟可能保护了胎儿。乙肝免疫球蛋白的存在也减少了病毒的转运。我们首次揭示了在妊娠早期有传染性的肝脱氧核糖核酸病毒可以穿过滋养层，胎盘的成熟和特异的母体抗体可以减少病毒的易位。这项研究表明了母婴传播的一种可能的机制。
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-02-17 05:11
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