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【medical-news】病毒诱发癌症的新理论
New theory of how viruses may contribute to cancer
Medical Studies/Trials
Published: Wednesday, 24-Oct-2007
A new study suggests that viruses may contribute to cancer by causing excessive death to normal cells while promoting the growth of surviving cells with cancerous traits.
Viruses may act as forces of natural selection by wiping out normal cells that support the replication of viruses and leaving behind those cells that have acquired defects in their circuitry. When this process is repeated over and over, cancer can develop say study authors, led by Preet M. Chaudhary, M.D., Ph.D., professor of medicine at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. Their findings are published by Public Library of Science in the Oct. 24 issue of PLoS ONE.
Infection with viruses has been linked to many human cancers, including some forms of Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, sarcomas and cancers of the throat and liver. Over the years, scientists have proposed a number of mechanisms to explain this link. One commonly held belief is that when a virus infects a cell, its genetic material alters the cell, making it grow uncontrollably, eventually leading to cancer. Some viruses also are thought to promote cancer by causing chronic inflammation. In his study, Dr. Chaudhary proposes that viruses also can lead to cancer in a less direct manner.
"We believe a separate mechanism may be at play in which a cellular insult, such as infection with a virus, selects a few pre-existing mutated clones of cells, promotes their further growth and multiplication, eventually leading to the emergence of fully cancerous cells. Consequently, similar to the role played by natural selection during evolution, excessive cell death, rather than its absence, may be a defining force that drives the initial emergence of cancer," said Dr. Chaudhary. He named this model the Phoenix Paradigm in which cancer theoretically arises out of the ashes of dead cells.
The paradigm was developed based on a study of cells infected with the Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus, or KSHV, also known as human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). The researchers examined a gene called K13 that activates a pathway previously implicated in cancer development. Cells with low K13 expression allowed KSHV to replicate, and these cells subsequently died off, the researchers noted. Cells with higher expression of K13 emerged after KSHV replication and showed defective expression of two key proteins that are known to promote cancer.
"This paradigm, if validated by further studies, has implications not only for an improved understanding of the processes involved in cancer, but also for the development of effective strategies for its prevention and treatment," said Dr. Chaudhary. 本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领 . 初译：
http://www.news-medical.net/?id=31667
New theory of how viruses may contribute to cancer
病毒诱发癌症的新理论
Medical Studies/Trials
Published: Wednesday, 24-Oct-2007
A new study suggests that viruses may contribute to cancer by causing excessive death to normal cells while promoting the growth of surviving cells with cancerous traits.
一项新研究表明病毒可能通过引起正常细胞过度死亡促进幸存细胞生长导致癌症。
Viruses may act as forces of natural selection by wiping out normal cells that support the replication of viruses and leaving behind those cells that have acquired defects in their circuitry. When this process is repeated over and over, cancer can develop say study authors, led by Preet M. Chaudhary, M.D., Ph.D., professor of medicine at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. Their findings are published by Public Library of Science in the Oct. 24 issue of PLoS ONE.
病毒可能作为自然淘汰的一种力量清除正常细胞支持病毒复制并在其循环过程中遗留下导致后天性缺陷的细胞。当这个过程反复时，癌症即发生。
Infection with viruses has been linked to many human cancers, including some forms of Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, sarcomas and cancers of the throat and liver. Over the years, scientists have proposed a number of mechanisms to explain this link. One commonly held belief is that when a virus infects a cell, its genetic material alters the cell, making it grow uncontrollably, eventually leading to cancer. Some viruses also are thought to promote cancer by causing chronic inflammation. In his study, Dr. Chaudhary proposes that viruses also can lead to cancer in a less direct manner.
病毒性感染与人类的许多癌症相关，包括一些何杰金(氏) 和非何杰金(氏) 淋巴瘤，肉瘤以及咽喉以及肝脏的肿瘤。科学家们已经提出各种机制来阐明这种联系。比较公认的一种理论是病毒感染细胞后改变了细胞的遗传物质使其朝不能控制的方向发展，最终导致癌症。一些病毒也被认为是通过慢性炎症引起癌症。在这项研究中，Chaudhary博士提出这些病毒可能也会导致不直接相关的癌症。
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-05-06 05:11
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