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【drug-news】葛兰素史克的新药拉帕替尼(lapatinib

Lapatinib是葛兰素史克公司正在研发的一种可逆的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂。

GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) announced that the European Medicines Agency's (EMEA) Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) has issued a revised positive opinion confirming the positive benefit-risk profile for Tyverb® (lapatinib), GSK's new oral treatment for breast cancer. The positive opinion recommends grant of a conditional marketing authorisation.

The CHMP previously issued a positive opinion for lapatinib in December 2007. The revised positive opinion has been issued following review by the CHMP of new data received in February 2008 from GSK arising from a standard pharmacovigilance evaluation of clinical trial and post-marketing data.1 The CHMP has confirmed that these data do not essentially change the positive benefit-risk profile for lapatinib in its proposed indication.

Upon grant of the conditional marketing authorisation by the European Commission, lapatinib, in combination with capecitabine, will be indicated for the treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic breast cancer whose tumours overexpress ErbB2 (HER2). Patients should have progressive disease following prior therapy which must include anthracyclines, taxanes and therapy with trastuzumab in the metastatic setting.2

It is expected that lapatinib will receive the conditional marketing authorisation from the European Commission in the coming months.

延伸阅读:

加拿大皇家内科学院院士、美国梅奥(Mayo)临床中心乳腺癌课题主管唐守清博士介绍,Lapatinib能有效抑制EGFR和HER2酪氨酸激酶活性,其作用机理为抑制细胞内的EGFR和HER2的ATP位点,阻止肿瘤细胞磷酸化和激活;通过与EGFR和HER2的同质和异质二聚体结合来阻断下调信号。国际多中心研究表明,在HER2过度表达的乳腺癌患者(约占全部乳腺癌患者的20%~25%)中,Lapatinib单药作为一线治疗的有效率为28%,而当其在曲妥珠单抗(Trast-uzumab,Herceptin)治疗失败后作为二线药物治疗时,仍具有8%的有效率——相比以往曲妥珠单抗治疗失败后人们在乳腺癌治疗上的无能为力,这一治疗效果无疑是令人振奋的。更令人欣慰的是在一项刚完成的国际多中心III期临床研究中,研究人员比较了Lapatinib和卡培他滨联合治疗与卡培他滨单药治疗在曲妥珠单抗治疗失败患者中的疗效,结果表明,联合治疗组患者肿瘤再次生长的中位时间为8.5个月,而单药治疗组患者肿瘤再次生长的中位时间为4.5个月。此外,由于曲妥珠单抗的分子较大,无法通过血脑屏障,因此无法治疗乳腺癌脑转移灶,而小分子的Lapatinib则可以通过血脑屏障——在刚完成的一项II期临床研究中,Lapatinib显示出可在一定程度上缩小乳腺癌脑转移灶。Lapatinib的其它优势还包括治疗耐受性良好,其副作用主要为皮疹和腹泻;无明显的血液系统毒副作用;轻微的心脏毒性;是口服片剂而非静脉药物,因此应用更方便。目前,葛兰素史克公司已经向美国食品药品管理局(FDA)申请将Lapatinib作为曲妥珠单抗治疗失败的HER2阳性晚期乳腺癌患者的治疗新药上市。

更多的Lapatinib临床研究正在包括我国在内的许多国家的癌症中心进行,其中包括针对转移性乳腺癌的一线联合治疗研究、用于预防乳腺癌术后复发的研究和治疗其它肿瘤的研究。管忠震教授强调,在今后的研究中,人们还应该进一步验证Lapatinib的益处是否来自于它对EGFR和HER2的双抑制以及进一步观察La-patinib的心脏毒性。

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作者:admin@医学,生命科学    2010-10-10 17:11
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