主页 > 医药生命 >
【medical-news】新型疫苗有望治疗早期乳腺癌
Novel vaccine shows promise against early-stage breast cancer
BOSTON − A diagnosis of breast cancer has taken on a new meaning in the past 10 years, as research has produced a host of new therapies and detection techniques, significantly improving long-term survival for women who have been fighting the disease. To build on these successes, researchers are now harnessing what they have learned about treating breast cancer and applying it to possible methods of prevention to reduce the total incidence of the disease. One study presented today at the American Association for Cancer Research's Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research meeting in Boston looks at a specific target in the fight against breast cancer and evaluates a potential vaccine that is yielding promising results for women who are at high-risk for the disease.
Targeted immunoediting of critical pathways responsible for breast cancer development: treatment of early breast cancer using HER-2/neu pulsed dendritic cells
Multiple genetic targets have been discovered that may help fight breast cancer, including BRCA, estrogen receptors, and HER-2/neu, all of which have been known to predict the severity of disease, recurrence and overall survival. Developing novel therapies that target these specific genetic variances may be extremely beneficial in preventing breast cancer for many women.
In this study, researchers investigated a potential vaccine that targets HER-2/neu over-expression in early stage breast cancer, known as DCIS (ductal carcinomas in situ, or early stage cancer formation in the breast's milk ducts). It is estimated at 50-60 percent of DCIS is directly related to HER-2/neu over-expression.
Patients with HER-2/neu overexpression were given a therapy of dendritic cells (DC, which work with the B- and T-cells to trigger immune responses) that were treated with HER-2/neu to evoke an immune response. The participants received four weekly vaccinations into normal lymph nodes in their groins and were evaluated both pre- and post-vaccination for immune response, level of HER-2/neu expression, and cell infiltrates.
The researchers found that most patients responded well to the vaccination. Nearly all patients (11 of 12) exhibited an initial immune response (shown by the presence of anti-HER-2/neu specific CD4+ T cells), and many of the patients developed protein antibodies to fight the HER-2/neu cells. Patients began to build up reserves of white blood cells following treatment and seemed to show long-term immune responses to HER-2/neu as a result of the therapy. Of the 12 study participants, six showed markedly reduced levels of HER-2/neu expression after the vaccination, and as a result, the investigators also noted an improvement in their severity of their disease.
"The results demonstrate for the first time that this DC vaccination may have significant clinical activity against certain types of breast cancer," said Brian J. Czerniecki, M.D., of the University of Pennsylvania, and lead author of the study. "We are confident that targeted treatment with this vaccine may effectively fight not only DCIS, but may extend to prevention of breast cancer entirely."
According to the American Cancer Society, approximately 200,000 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in the U.S. in 2006, though thanks to new options for patients, about 20 percent, or 40,000 patients will die. Even with improved therapies, the chance of a woman having breast cancer at some time in her life is still about one in eight. 本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领。 题目：新型疫苗有望用于治疗早期乳腺癌
来自波士顿的报道：在过去10多年中关于乳腺癌的诊断已经取得了巨大进步，研制出许多新的治疗和检测方法，显著提高了乳腺癌患者的存活时间。科学家现在利用已知的知识来防治乳腺癌以降低其发生率。美国癌症研究协会在波士顿举行的癌症预防研究会议提出一种可以利用特异的乳腺癌靶标来研制针对易患乳癌妇女的新型疫苗。其主要目标是利用特异针对乳腺癌发展过程的免疫编辑过程，研制HER-2/neu激活的树突细胞用于治疗早期乳腺癌。
乳腺癌的治疗具有多基因的靶标，如BRCA, 雌激素受体和HER-2/neu等与疾病的轻重、复发和总体生存率相关。特异针对这些基因靶标的治疗方法可有效防治乳腺癌。研究者研制了针对早期乳腺导管原位癌（DCIS）患者体内过表达HER-2/neu的疫苗。据估计大约50-60%的DCIS 与HER-2/neu的过表达相关。
HER-2/neu过表达的患者接受HER-2/neu激活的树突状细胞（DC,一种作用于T细胞和B细胞来引发免疫反应的细胞）。被试者腹股沟淋巴结接种四次免疫（每周一次）后，检测接种前后免疫反应、HER-2/neu的表达水平以及炎细胞的浸润作用。
阅读本文的人还阅读：
作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2010-09-26 05:11
医学,生命科学网