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【medical-news】喝酒与HIV传播有关
October 27, 2006
By www.andnetwork .com
A study by Population Services International (PSI) has revealed that the spread of HIV in Botswana is primarily fuelled by risky sexual behaviour and growing alcohol and substance abuse.
The PSI project, which is among those supported by the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), was presented to the recently sworn in Chief Ambassador for the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) Dr Mark Dybul during his recent visit to Gaborone to tour programmes and partnership supported by PEPFAR.
The Emergency Plan is a five- year, $15 billion global initiative by the US government to combat HIV/AIDS in over 120 countries around the world.
In Botswana, funding for fiscal year 2006 was approximately $54 million.
PSI which implements an intervention project on HIV-Alcohol, says that the study has revealed that while alcohol and substance abuse do not play a direct role in HIV transmission, they are both associated with high risk sexual behaviour due to reduced inhibitions and diminished risk perceptions.
PSI’s intervention, which is a significant behaviour change communication programme, intends to increase adoption of safer sexual behaviour and address key mediating factors to infection.
Besides the AIDS-Alcohol project, PSI implements two HIV Prevention interventions with the Emergency Plan.
These projects are on promoting adoption of fidelity and partner reduction among sexually active adults of ages 15-34 years in Lobatse and to promote safe sex practices among the Botswana Defence Force young soldiers.
Meanwhile, Ambassador Dybul was in Francistown on Monday to witness the rollout of a new national programme in Botswana that brings hope for HIV exposed infants.
Ambassador Dybul and a delegation comprising of the Minister of Health and Assistant Administrator for Global Health at USAID visited the Institute of Health Science where health care workers were being trained in Early Infant Diagnosis (EID).
The Early Infant HIV testing programme, which is sponsored by PEPFAR, is being introduced this month within the Ministry of Health’s Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission prevention with a goal to get more HIV positive babies on treatment before they become ill.
A statement from BOTUSA has said that knowing the HIV status of an infant through EID is important as it initiates early initiation of ARV therapy and other care for HIV infected infants.
http://www.andnetwork.com/index?service=direct/0/Home/recent.titleStory&sp=l54777 相关背景知识:
Gaborone 哈博罗内 博茨瓦纳首都
Lobatse 洛巴策 位于博茨瓦纳东南部, 距首都哈博罗内70公里
Francistown 弗朗西斯敦 博茨瓦纳第二大城市
Mark Dybul 美国新任艾滋病问题全球协调官, 相当于大使级别. 值得一提的是, Dybul是公开的同性恋者
PSI 是一个旨在 "提供全面服务, 改善健康状况" 的非赢利性组织. 在全球五十多个国家成功开展各类健康项目
intervention 干预, 行为干预. 卫生人员对高危人群或其他人群进行有关疾病的健康教育，或给予一定的预防措施，从而减少疾病的发生，控制疾病的流行
behaviour change communication BCC 行为改变交流 开发包含有针对性的健康信息和方法的参与式活动，并通过多种传播渠道把它们传递出去，从而促进和保持个人和社区改变其健康行为的一个过程
BOTUSA 由国际AIDS组织(GAP), 美国疾控中心(CDC), 博茨瓦纳卫生部合作的项目. 旨在通过自愿的辅导与检测, 训练医务人员, 行为改变活动等手段, 来控制AIDS与结核等传染病.
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新近研究将酗酒与HIV的传播联系在一起
国际人口服务组织(PSI)的一项研究显示, 在博茨瓦纳, HIV传播的推波助澜者主要是高危性行为与日益严重的酗酒及精神药物滥用.
PSI的这个项目与PEPFAR共同主持, 是众多由美国的"总统AIDS紧急援助计" (PEPFAR)资助的项目之一. 项目计划最近递呈给了正在哈博罗内访问的PEPFAR首席协调官Dr Mark Dybul. 他在不久之前刚刚宣誓入职.
PEPFAR是由美国政府发起的一项全球性计划,为期五年,预算150亿美元. 旨在全球超过120个国家内开展对HIV/AIDS的斗争.
2006财年对博茨瓦纳的援助预算约为5400万美元
推动这个"HIV-酗酒"干预项目的PSI表示, 研究表明虽然酗酒与精神药品滥用不直接在HIV的传播过程中起作用, 但他们都能削弱禁忌感与危机感, 以此与高危性行为联系在一起.
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-02-16 05:16
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