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【medical-news】新型人工视网膜使盲人迅速复明
ScienceDaily (Nov. 3, 2010) — Research published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B reveals that a group of researchers based in Germany have developed a retinal implant that has allowed three blind people to see shapes and objects within days of the implant being installed.
Functional scheme of subretinal implants. (Credit: © Retina Implant AG)
One blind person was even able to identify and find objects placed on a table in front of him, as well as walking around a room independently and approaching people, reading a clock face and differentiating seven shades of grey. The device, which has been developed by the company Retinal Implant AG together with the Institute for Ophthalmic Research at the University of Tuebingen, represents an unprecedented advance in electronic visual prostheses and could eventually revolutionise the lives of up 200,000 people worldwide who suffer from blindness as a result of retinitis pigmentosa, a degenerative eye disease.
In this disease light receptors in the eye cease to function. Writing in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Prof. Dr. Eberhart Zrenner (founding Director of Retinal Implant AG and Director and Chairman of the University of Tuebingen Eye Hospital) states that "The results of this pilot study provide strong evidence that the visual functions of patients blinded by a hereditary retinal dystrophy can, in principle, be restored to a degree sufficient for use in daily life."
The device -- known as a subretinal implant -- sits underneath the retina, directly replacing light receptors lost in retinal degeneration. As such, it uses the eyes' natural image processing capabilities beyond the light detection stage to produce a visual perception in the patient that is stable and follows their eye movements. Other types of retinal implants -- known as epiretinal implants -- sit outside the retina and because they bypass the intact light-sensitive structures in the eyes they require the user to wear an external camera and processor unit.
The subretinal implant described in this paper achieves unprecedented clarity because it has a great deal more light receptors than other similar devices. As Prof. Dr. Zrenner states, "The present study...presents proof-of-concept that such devices can restore useful vision in blind human subjects, even though the ultimate goal of broad clinical application will take time to develop."
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/11/101103123255.htm
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新型人工视网膜使盲人迅速复明
译者：Docofsoul
ScienceDaily (Nov. 3, 2010) — Research published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B reveals that a group of researchers based in Germany have developed a retinal implant that has allowed three blind people to see shapes and objects within days of the implant being installed.
《每日科学》2010年11月3日报道 —— 发表于《英国皇家学会会志•B辑》的一篇研究报告称：德国的一支研究团队开发了一种视网膜移植物，三位接受移植的盲人在数天后即看到了形状与物体。
Functional scheme of subretinal implants. (Credit: © Retina Implant AG)
视网膜下移植物的功能示意图（图片来源：© Retina Implant AG公司)
One blind person was even able to identify and find objects placed on a table in front of him, as well as walking around a room independently and approaching people, reading a clock face and differentiating seven shades of grey. The device, which has been developed by the company Retinal Implant AG together with the Institute for Ophthalmic Research at the University of Tuebingen, represents an unprecedented advance in electronic visual prostheses and could eventually revolutionise the lives of up 200,000 people worldwide who suffer from blindness as a result of retinitis pigmentosa, a degenerative eye disease.
其中一个盲人甚至能够识别与发现放在前面桌子上的物体，也能够独立在房间内（自由）走动、接近其他人、看清钟表指针（读出具体时间）并区分出七个灰色等级。该设备由Retinal Implant AG公司与德国图宾根大学眼科研究所共同开发，代表着电子视觉假体（electronic visual prostheses）的空前进步、并最终有希望让全世界20万因色素性视网膜炎（retinitis pigmentosa，一种退化性眼疾）而致盲的人们的生活发生翻天覆地的变化。
In this disease light receptors in the eye cease to function. Writing in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Prof. Dr. Eberhart Zrenner (founding Director of Retinal Implant AG and Director and Chairman of the University of Tuebingen Eye Hospital) states that "The results of this pilot study provide strong evidence that the visual functions of patients blinded by a hereditary retinal dystrophy can, in principle, be restored to a degree sufficient for use in daily life."
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-02-12 00:42
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