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【medical-news】年龄相关性DNA修复的改变预示了年
Age-related changes in DNA repair illuminate the connection between age and genetic damage
Researchers have uncovered a new way in which the aging process is linked to DNA damage--which occurs normally as a result of cell metabolism and environmental influences--and the various ways in which cells repair that damage. In the new work, researchers found that cells in young fruit flies make use of a different mix of molecular DNA-repair mechanisms compared to cells in older flies. The findings are reported by William Engels and colleagues at the University of Wisconsin and appear in the October 24th issue of the journal Current Biology, published by Cell Press.
DNA repair is essential for the accurate preservation of genetic information and to ensure the healthy functioning of cells, and a connection between aging and DNA damage has long been suspected. One line of evidence supporting the connection is that defects in certain genes needed for DNA repair produce maladies that mimic those of accelerated aging. In humans and other mammals, these effects include elevated occurrence of malignancies, osteoporosis, hearing loss, graying of hair, and hair loss. It is also known that DNA damage accumulates with age in cells of a variety of tissue types.
Breaks in the DNA chain have a variety of causes and occur frequently in the course of natural cellular processes. Repairing such breaks is an essential but hazardous process, often leaving missing or added bases at the point of repair. Cells possess a variety of methods for repairing broken DNA, and the cell's "choice" of how to repair a particular break can be critical. Some repair methods are simple but error prone, whereas the more accurate methods have elaborate molecular requirements and are probably much slower.
The new results show that the reproductive cells of young flies tend to use the rough-and-ready repair processes that do not involve extensive DNA synthesis and do not require a matching DNA template for the repair. As the organisms age, however, the same kind of DNA breaks are repaired primarily by the slower but much more accurate methods that make use of a matching template. These findings raise the question of whether the rapid but risky methods of DNA repair used by cells of young individuals contribute to the accumulation of genetic damage, and perhaps to the aging process itself. Older cells may use the safer repair methods, but they still carry the genetic damage incurred during DNA repair in the fly's "reckless" youth. 认领之 本人已认领，若４８小时未答复，请其他战友自行认领． Age-related changes in DNA repair illuminate the connection between age and genetic damage
年龄相关性DNA修复的改变预示了年龄与基因损伤的联系
Researchers have uncovered a new way in which the aging process is linked to DNA damage--which occurs normally as a result of cell metabolism and environmental influences--and the various ways in which cells repair that damage. In the new work, researchers found that cells in young fruit flies make use of a different mix of molecular DNA-repair mechanisms compared to cells in older flies. The findings are reported by William Engels and colleagues at the University of Wisconsin and appear in the October 24th issue of the journal Current Biology, published by Cell Press
.研究者发现了一种新的衰老过程和DNA损伤偶连的方式—作为细胞代谢和环境影响的结果而正常发生-和细胞修复损伤的不同途径。在最近的研究中，研究者发现果蝇幼虫利用一套与成虫不同的DNA修复机制。这些发现由威斯康辛州立大学的William Engels和同事发表在《细胞》出版社10月出版的《当前生物学》杂志24期。
DNA repair is essential for the accurate preservation of genetic information and to ensure the healthy functioning of cells, and a connection between aging and DNA damage has long been suspected. One line of evidence supporting the connection is that defects in certain genes needed for DNA repair produce maladies that mimic those of accelerated aging. In humans and other mammals, these effects include elevated occurrence of malignancies, osteoporosis, hearing loss, graying of hair, and hair loss. It is also known that DNA damage accumulates with age in cells of a variety of tissue types.
DNA修复对遗传信息的准确保存和确保细胞的正常功能是必需的，年龄和DNA损伤的关系一直存在疑问。支持这种关系的证据是需要修复的特定基因的损伤产生疾病例如加速衰老。在人类和其他的哺育动物，这些效应包括恶性肿瘤发生几率的增加，骨质疏松，听力丧失，头发灰白，和脱发。另外我们还知道不同组织的细胞DNA的损伤随年龄的增加而累积。
Breaks in the DNA chain have a variety of causes and occur frequently in the course of natural cellular processes. Repairing such breaks is an essential but hazardous process, often leaving missing or added bases at the point of repair. Cells possess a variety of methods for repairing broken DNA, and the cell's "choice" of how to repair a particular break can be critical. Some repair methods are simple but error prone, whereas the more accurate methods have elaborate molecular requirements and are probably much slower.
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-03-15 05:11
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