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【科普】为何人类食欲会随年龄增长？
ScienceDaily (Aug. 22, 2008) — A Monash University scientist has discovered key appetite control cells in the human brain degenerate over time, causing increased hunger and potentially weight-gain as we grow older. The research by Dr Zane Andrews, a neuroendocrinologist with Monash University's Department of Physiology, has been published in Nature.
Dr Andrews found that appetite-suppressing cells are attacked by free radicals after eating and said the degeneration is more significant following meals rich in carbohydrates and sugars.
"The more carbs and sugars you eat, the more your appetite-control cells are damaged, and potentially you consume more," Dr Andrews said.
Dr Andrews said the attack on appetite suppressing cells creates a cellular imbalance between our need to eat and the message to the brain to stop eating.
"People in the age group of 25 to 50 are most at risk. The neurons that tell people in the crucial age range not to over-eat are being killed-off.
"When the stomach is empty, it triggers the ghrelin hormone that notifies the brain that we are hungry. When we are full, a set of neurons known as POMC's kick in.
"However, free radicals created naturally in the body attack the POMC neurons. This process causes the neurons to degenerate overtime, affecting our judgement as to when our hunger is satisfied," Dr Andrews said.
The free radicals also try to attack the hunger neurons, but these are protected by the uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2).
Dr Andrews said the reduction in the appetite-suppressing cells could be one explanation for the complex condition of adult-onset obesity.
"A diet rich in carbohydrate and sugar that has become more and more prevalent in modern societies over the last 20-30 years has placed so much strain on our bodies that it's leading to premature cell deterioration," Dr Andrews said.
Dr Andrews' next research project will focus on finding if a diet rich in carbohydrates and sugars has other impacts on the brain, such as the increased incidences of neurological conditions like Parkinson's disease.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080821110113.htm 本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领 Killer Carbs -- Scientist Finds Key To Overeating As We Age
为何人类食欲会随年龄增长？
ScienceDaily (Aug. 22, 2008) — A Monash University scientist has discovered key appetite control cells in the human brain degenerate over time, causing increased hunger and potentially weight-gain as we grow older. The research by Dr Zane Andrews, a neuroendocrinologist with Monash University's Department of Physiology, has been published in Nature.
每日科学（2008年8月22日）-Monash大学的一位科学家发现人类大脑中食欲控制的关键细胞会随时间的流逝而退化，因此随着我们年龄的增长出现饥饿感增加以及体重增加。Monash大学生理系神经内分泌学家Zane Andrews进行了该研究，其被发表于《自然》杂志中。
Dr Andrews found that appetite-suppressing cells are attacked by free radicals after eating and said the degeneration is more significant following meals rich in carbohydrates and sugars.
Andrews博士发现，进食后，食欲抑制细胞会被自由基攻击，并且说富含碳水化合物和糖类的饮食使该细胞退化更明显。
"The more carbs and sugars you eat, the more your appetite-control cells are damaged, and potentially you consume more," Dr Andrews said.
“你吃越多的碳水化合物和糖类，你的食欲控制细胞受损越多，这样，你可能会吃更多。
Dr Andrews said the attack on appetite suppressing cells creates a cellular imbalance between our need to eat and the message to the brain to stop eating.
Andrews博士说对食欲抑制细胞的攻击在我们需要吃东西和像大脑传递停止进食信号之间建立了一个细胞的不平衡。
"People in the age group of 25 to 50 are most at risk. The neurons that tell people in the crucial age range not to over-eat are being killed-off.
处于25到50岁年龄组的人群最为危险。在关键年龄范围，告知人们不要过度进食的神经元正在被清除。
"When the stomach is empty, it triggers the ghrelin hormone that notifies the brain that we are hungry. When we are full, a set of neurons known as POMC's kick in.
“当胃是空的时，该状态促进生长激素释放肽，该激素告知大脑我们饿了。当我们的胃是满的时，一组被称为POMC的神经元开始起作用。“
"However, free radicals created naturally in the body attack the POMC neurons. This process causes the neurons to degenerate overtime, affecting our judgement as to when our hunger is satisfied," Dr Andrews said.
但是，体内天然产生的自由基攻击POMC神经元。这个过程导致神经元随时间的延长而发生退行性变，影响我们的判断力，使我们在饥饿是觉得是饱的。
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-02-19 17:14
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