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【bio-news】M大学发现能抵抗包括HIV等逆转录病毒
University of Minnesota
U of M identifies cell line that is resistant to retroviruses, including HIV
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have identified a protein that enables viruses such as HIV to infect cells and spread through the body.
This discovery gives drug developers a target to discover new types of drugs to stop the virus from spreading.
The research, led by Nikunj Somia, Ph.D., assistant professor of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, will be published online this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, and will appear in a subsequent print edition of the journal.
HIV is a parasite that does not have enough proteins of its own to complete its life cycle. To survive, the virus needs to use proteins in the cells that it infects.
Currently, the drugs that are available to fight HIV act on proteins that the virus itself produces.
"The downfall of existing HIV drugs is that since the virus is constantly changing, the drugs eventually stop working, and the virus becomes drug resistant," Somia said. "We hypothesized that if we could find the proteins within the cells that HIV uses to make more copies of itself, we would find a potential new and more effective way to fight HIV."
To begin their search for these proteins, they first induced mutations in cells through chemical manipulation; this made random mutations in the DNA of the cell lines. Then they altered HIV so it contained a protein that immediately kills cells, and infected the different mutant cell lines.
The Somia laboratory found that some cell lines lived after being infected with HIV. In the cell lines that live, the HIV is able to get into the cell, but it is attacked. The cell's proteasome, a "machine" in the cell that destroys or chews up proteins, attacks the virus, preventing it from making more copies of itself.
Proteasomes are signal dependant machines in the cell, and proteins are typically "tagged" to be destroyed.
"Finding the switch that turns on the proteasome machine in cells to seek and destroy the virus could be a powerful therapeutic agent in the fight against HIV and in controlling AIDS," Somia said. 没人感兴趣啊，我自己来
University of Minnesota
U of M identifies cell line that is resistant to retroviruses, including HIV
明尼苏达州大学鉴定出对包括HIV的逆转录病毒抵抗的细胞株。
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have identified a protein that enables viruses such as HIV to infect cells and spread through the body.
明尼苏达州大学研究者发现了使HIV病毒感染细胞并扩散的蛋白分子。
This discovery gives drug developers a target to discover new types of drugs to stop the virus from spreading.
这个发现为药物研发人员开发一种新型药阻止病毒扩散提供了靶标。
The research, led by Nikunj Somia, Ph.D., assistant professor of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, will be published online this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, and will appear in a subsequent print edition of the journal.
这个研究是由基因，细胞生物与发育副教授，Nikunj Somia博士领导的。将发表在本周的美国科学研究进展（PNAS）网络版上，并在以后印刷版刊出。
HIV is a parasite that does not have enough proteins of its own to complete its life cycle. To survive, the virus needs to use proteins in the cells that it infects.
HIV 是一种寄生病毒，没有足够蛋白完成自己生命循环。为了生存，病毒需要使用感染细胞的蛋白。
Currently, the drugs that are available to fight HIV act on proteins that the virus itself produces.
目前，有效抑制HIV的药物仅作用于病毒自身的蛋白。
"The downfall of existing HIV drugs is that since the virus is constantly changing, the drugs eventually stop working, and the virus becomes drug resistant," Somia said. "We hypothesized that if we could find the proteins within the cells that HIV uses to make more copies of itself, we would find a potential new and more effective way to fight HIV."
“现存HIV药物的失败在于病毒总在变化，最终药物将失效，病毒获得抗药性。”Somia说，“我们假设我们能够发现HIV使用的细胞多拷贝蛋白，我们将能找到一个新的有效的防御HIV方法。”
To begin their search for these proteins, they first induced mutations in cells through chemical manipulation; this made random mutations in the DNA of the cell lines. Then they altered HIV so it contained a protein that immediately kills cells, and infected the different mutant cell lines.
他们首先通过化学诱导细胞株突变来寻找蛋白，这将使细胞株DNA随机突变。然后他们改变HIV 使它含有在一种能立即杀死细胞的蛋白，接着感染不同突变细胞株。“
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2010-12-12 17:11
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