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【medical-news】联合国2006年人类发展报告：艾滋病
UN Integrated Regional Information Networks
November 9, 2006
Posted to the web November 9, 2006
Falling life expectancy is one of the most visible effects of HIV/AIDS in many nations and has reversed human development across a large part of Southern Africa, according to a new UN report.
In sub-Saharan Africa, life expectancy today is lower than it was three decades ago. "Several countries in Southern Africa have suffered catastrophic reversals: 20 years in Botswana, 16 in Swaziland and 13 in Lesotho and Zambia," the report said.
The annual Human Development Report 2006 noted that while most people in Southern African countries with relatively stable economies were not expected to reach the age of 50, the situation was even more worrying in Zimbabwe, where the economy was shrinking rapidly.
Zimbabwean women now have an average lifespan of 34 years, the lowest in the world, while men lived for an average 37 years.
Patrick Couteau, regional health and care advisor on HIV/AIDS for the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, told IRIN/PlusNews that the discrepancy in the lifespan between the sexes could be attributed to feminisation of the pandemic, as well as gender and economic inequalities.
"With women by far outpacing men in HIV prevalence rates, and with their limited access to life-prolonging care and treatment, it is no wonder that women are also more likely to die from AIDS-related illnesses before their the male counterparts do," he said.
Couteau estimated that women aged 15 and over constituted 89,000 (69.4 percent) of the 1.5 million people living with the HI virus in Zimbabwe, and said this was a direct result of unequal power relationships, which left women and young girls at a great disadvantage when trying to access prevention, treatment and care services.
"This is because they are able to exercise less control over decision-making, especially in fragile economies like this [Zimbabwe's]. Whatever limited resources there are will almost always be allocated to men first, leaving women and young girls to scramble for treatment that is already too costly," said Couteau.
According to the report, 57 percent of HIV-infected people in Sub-Saharan Africa were women, and young African women (aged 15-24) were now three times more likely to become infected than men of the same age.
With over 39 million people living with HIV globally, and 3 million people having died of AIDS-related illnesses in 2005, Couteau recommended that new and more realistic approaches be considered to combat the pandemic.
"In our efforts to mitigate the impact of this disease we need to consider striking at both a national and community level. National policy is welcome, but rarely influences the individual," he said. "Communities must be mobilised; reshaped as support structures for the empowerment of women and children."
Access the complete UN report: http://hdr.undp.org/hdr2006/report.cfm 本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领 Falling life expectancy is one of the most visible effects of HIV/AIDS in many nations and has reversed human development across a large part of Southern Africa, according to a new UN report.
根据一份新的联合国报告，在许多国家预期寿命下降是HIV/AIDS最显著的影响之一，已经遏制了南部非洲大部分地区的人类发展。
In sub-Saharan Africa, life expectancy today is lower than it was three decades ago. "Several countries in Southern Africa have suffered catastrophic reversals: 20 years in Botswana, 16 in Swaziland and 13 in Lesotho and Zambia," the report said.
在撒哈拉非洲地区，当今的预期寿命比60年前还低。报告说：“南部非洲的几个国家已经遭受了灾难性的逆转：博茨瓦纳预期寿命减少了20岁，斯威士兰减少了16岁，莱索托和赞比亚是13岁”。
The annual Human Development Report 2006 noted that while most people in Southern African countries with relatively stable economies were not expected to reach the age of 50, the situation was even more worrying in Zimbabwe, where the economy was shrinking rapidly.
2006年人类发展报告指出经济相对稳定的南部非洲国家的大多数人的期望寿命不会超过50岁，在经济迅速萎缩的津巴布韦情况更令人担忧。
Zimbabwean women now have an average lifespan of 34 years, the lowest in the world, while men lived for an average 37 years.
津巴布韦的妇女平均寿命为34岁，是世界最低的，男性平均为37岁。
Patrick Couteau, regional health and care advisor on HIV/AIDS for the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, told IRIN/PlusNews that the discrepancy in the lifespan between the sexes could be attributed to feminisation of the pandemic, as well as gender and economic inequalities.
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-06-05 20:45
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