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【技术产业】唾液蛋白谱有望替代血液检查
CHICAGO (Reuters) - U.S. researchers have identified all 1,116 unique proteins found in human saliva glands, a discovery they said on Tuesday could usher in a wave of convenient, spit-based diagnostic tests that could be done without the need for a single drop of blood.
As many as 20 percent of the proteins that are found in saliva are also found in blood, said Fred Hagen, a researcher at the University of Rochester Medical Center in New York who worked on the study.
"This is potentially a large field that has many clinical implications in the area of disease diagnostics," said Hagen, whose work was published in the Journal of Proteome Research.
The researchers hope saliva-based tests could be used to diagnose cancer, heart disease, diabetes and a number of other conditions.
"To be able to diagnose disease using saliva, you really have to have a comprehensive understanding of the saliva proteome," Hagen said in a telephone interview.
Like a genome, which lists all of the genes in an organism, a proteome is a complete map of proteins. While genes provide the instruction manual, proteins carry out the instructions by regulating cellular processes.
Researchers from five universities -- the University of Rochester, The Scripps Research Institute, the University of Southern California, The University of California San Francisco and the University of California Los Angeles -- sought to determine the complete set of proteins secreted by the major salivary glands.
They collected saliva from 23 healthy men and women of several races. They tested saliva samples using some form of mass spectrometry, which determines the identity of proteins based on measurements of their mass and charge.
They compared their findings with recent protein maps of human blood and tears.
Early analysis has already turned up a number of proteins with known roles in Alzheimer's, Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases; breast, colorectal and pancreatic cancer and diabetes.
Most of the proteins were part of signaling pathways, which are key to the body's response to system-wide diseases.
Hagen said the work should accelerate the development of new tools for tracking disease throughout the body.
Already there are saliva-based antibody tests to detect human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, and hepatitis infections, Hagen said. He said this protein map will provide new targets.
"Monitoring disease as well as drug use could be more easily done with saliva as opposed to blood or urine," he said.
Other groups are working on a saliva-based test for breast cancer that would detect a protein fragment from the HER2 protein. Hagen said such tests could eventually replace uncomfortable and costly mammograms.
"We envision in the future spitting in a tube and looking for a marker like this breast cancer marker. It would be much easier to do, potentially at home," he said.
"Given that we've made this information publicly available, we fully expect a number of research groups will be picking their favorite targets and developing their own tests. That is the intent -- to create a wealth of data to stimulate more research and increase the chances of producing better diagnostic tests," Hagen said.
screen.width-333)this.width=screen.width-333" width=500 height=322 title="Click to view full 20070715173011878.jpg (500 X 322)" border=0 align=absmiddle> CHICAGO (Reuters) - U.S. researchers have identified all 1,116 unique proteins found in human saliva glands, a discovery they said on Tuesday could usher in a wave of convenient, spit-based diagnostic tests that could be done without the need for a single drop of blood.
芝加哥（路透通讯社） -美国研究人员已识别出1 116在人类唾液腺发现的独特的蛋白质,他们说,周二,该发现就会展示一下基于唾液的诊断测试的巨大便利,而不需要一滴血.
As many as 20 percent of the proteins that are found in saliva are also found in blood, said Fred Hagen, a researcher at the University of Rochester Medical Center in New York who worked on the study.
Fred Hagen,研究员,在纽约罗切斯特大学医学中心深造.他说”在唾液中被发现的约20 ％的蛋白质同样在血液中也存在.”
"This is potentially a large field that has many clinical implications in the area of disease diagnostics," said Hagen, whose work was published in the Journal of Proteome Research.
"这是一个潜在的巨大的市场,在疾病诊断领域方面产生很大的临床影响,哈根说,他们的成果在Journal of Proteome Research上已发表.
The researchers hope saliva-based tests could be used to diagnose cancer, heart disease, diabetes and a number of other conditions.
研究人员希望,以唾液为基础的测试可以被用来诊断癌症,心脏病,糖尿病和一些其他疾病.
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-03-04 17:14
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