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【drug-news】戒毒？等待可卡因疫苗
Two Houston researchers working on vaccine to treat people hooked on cocaine 本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领。
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Researchers work on cocaine vaccine
Two Houston researchers working on vaccine to treat people hooked on cocaine
休斯敦的2名研究者正在研制疫苗以治疗可卡因成瘾者.
Two Baylor College of Medicine researchers in Houston are working on a cocaine vaccine they hope will become the first-ever medication to treat people hooked on the drug. "For people who have a desire to stop using, the vaccine should be very useful," said Dr. Tom Kosten, a psychiatry professor who is being assisted in the research by his wife, Therese, a psychologist and neuroscientist. "At some point, most users will give in to temptation and relapse, but those for whom the vaccine is effective won't get high and will lose interest."
休斯敦贝勒医学院的2名研究者正在研制可卡因疫苗.他们希望这将成为治疗可卡因成瘾者的第一治疗措施. 精神病学教授Tom Kosten博士与其妻子,一名心理学家及神经学家,正在从事这项研究,其表示,对于哪些渴望戒除可卡因的人来说,这种疫苗是非常有用的.在某种意义上来说,大多数成瘾者难以抗拒诱惑并复发,但对于那些疫苗有效的人来说,他们的反应将不太强烈,并逐渐丧失对药物的兴趣.
The vaccine, currently in clinical trials, stimulates the immune system to attack the real thing when it's taken.
该疫苗目前处于临床试验阶段.该疫苗被应用后,可促进免疫系统攻击可卡因.
The immune system _ unable to recognize cocaine and other drug molecules because they are so small _ can't make antibodies to attack them.
免疫系统不能识别可卡因以及那些过小的药物分子,因此不能引发抗体攻击效应.
To help the immune system distinguish the drug, Kosten attached inactivated cocaine to the outside of inactivated cholera proteins.
为了帮助免疫系统识别这样药物, Kosten将灭活的可卡因链接于灭活的霍乱蛋白外表面.
In response, the immune system not only makes antibodies to the combination, which is harmless, but also recognizes the potent naked drug when it's ingested. The antibodies bind to the cocaine and prevent it from reaching the brain, where it normally would generate the highs that are so addictive.
免疫系统因此不但能针对这种复合物产生无害的抗体,还能识别单独的可卡因.抗体与可卡因相连接,因此避免了药物进入脑内.正常情况下,可卡因可在脑内浓集至足以产生成瘾性的高水平.
"It's a very clever idea," says David Eagleman, a Baylor neuroscientist. "Scientists have spent the last few decades figuring out reward pathways in the brain and how drugs like cocaine hijack the system. It turns out those pathways are difficult to rewire once they've seen the drug. But the vaccine just circumvents all that."
贝勒医学院的神经学家David Eagleman认为,这是一个非常聪明的想法.在过去的几十年里,科学家一直致力于发现脑内的奖赏通路以及象可卡因这样的药物如何影响这个系统的功能.但一旦成瘾者接触到药物,这些通路很难再发挥作用. 而疫苗恰恰可以绕开这些问题.
Kosten asked the Food and Drug Administration in December to green-light a multi-institutional trial to begin in the spring and is awaiting a response.
Kosten在12月份请求FDA能允许在明年春天进行一项多机构试验,目前正在等待答复.
Approval would mark a breakthrough in the treatment of cocaine addiction, which now mostly involves psychiatric counseling and 12-step programs. It presumably would be the final clinical hurdle before the vaccine _ more than a decade in the making _ might be approved for treatment. But one expert warns against expecting too much.
FDA的批准将标志着目前的包括心理咨询以及12项治疗内容的可卡因成瘾治疗出现新的突破,而对于已经研究了十多年的疫苗来说,这将成为其被批准用于临床治疗前的最后的临床障碍.但一位专家也警告说,不要期待太多.
"Addiction vaccines are a promising advance, but it's unlikely any treatment in this field will work for everyone," said Dr. David Gorelick, a senior investigator at the National Institute on Drug Abuse. "Still, if they prove successful, they will give those working in drug addiction an important option."
国家药物成瘾机构的一位高级研究人员David Gorelick博士认为,成瘾性药物疫苗是一项富有前景的进步,但治疗不可能对每一个成瘾者都产生疗效.如果研究结果获得成功,那些对这项治疗有效的成瘾者就会多一个重要的选择.
http://www.newsweek.com/id/82653
翻译
休斯敦贝勒医学院的2名研究者,精神病学教授Tom Kosten博士与其妻子,一名心理学家及神经学家,正在研制可卡因疫苗.他们希望这将成为治疗可卡因成瘾者的首选治疗措施. Kosten博士认为,对于哪些渴望戒除可卡因的人来说,这种疫苗是非常有用的.在某种意义上来说,大多数成瘾者难以抗拒诱惑并复发,但对于那些疫苗有效的人来说,他们可能逐渐丧失对药物的兴趣.
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-06-17 05:14
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