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【medical-news】蛋白调控可增加怀孕机会
In its early and most critical stages, human reproduction requires precise, vital functions. The role of one sperm-delivered protein, which is crucial to the process, is being closely observed by scientists from the United States and Canada. Lab tests in recent years have produced valuable information and hopes of regulating that protein to enhance fertility.
Peter Sutovsky, assistant professor of animal sciences in the University of Missouri-Columbia's College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources and assistant professor of clinical obstetrics and gynecology in the School of Medicine, has collaborated with Richard Oko, professor of anatomy and cell biology at Queen's University (Ontario), and other academic researchers examining the role of postacrosomal sheath WW domain binding protein (PAWP), which during fertilization must function properly to initiate the reproduction process. If not, reproduction won't occur, Sutovsky said.
PAWP's role is one of the earliest reproduction requirements, he said. The protein is located inside of the sperm head and separates from the sperm shortly after the sperm fuses with the egg cell. PAWP activates the fertilized egg to divide and become an embryo, and triggers a defense mechanism that stops additional sperm from penetrating the egg cell.
Understanding of the PAWP protein is extremely important for fertility purposes and families wanting children. Where there are low levels of this protein, fertilization doesn't function properly. Therefore, regulation of this protein may increase the chances of pregnancy. Additional doses of the protein would be included during intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) – when a single sperm is injected directly into an egg cell. ICSI is the most commonly used technique to overcome male infertility problems.
"This is a well defined case," Sutovsky said. "During infertility, when the protein is lacking or not functioning properly, we can supply a synthetic version for assisted fertilization."
(Last updated on Monday, March 19, 2007, and first posted on Monday, March 19, 2007)
http://www.spiritindia.com/health-care-news-articles-7565.html 本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领。 Fertility :: Protein regulation may increase chances of pregnancy
蛋白调控可增加怀孕机会
In its early and most critical stages, human reproduction requires precise, vital functions. The role of one sperm-delivered protein 编译:
蛋白调控可增加怀孕机会
在人类生育的早期和最重要阶段,需要许多精确及重要功能的正常运行.精子中的一种蛋白质在此过程中占有很重要的地位,这种蛋白质已经被来自美国和加拿大的科学家们密切研究了很长时间.近年来的实验室研究发现了有价值的信息:人们可以通过调控这种蛋白质来提高生育能力.密苏里州-哥伦比亚大学农学、食品和自然资源学院动物科学系、妇产科临床医学院助教授Peter sutovsky与(安大略省)皇后大学解剖学及细胞生物学教授Richard Oko密切协作并在其他研究人员的帮助下研究了顶体鞘WW区结合蛋白(PAWP)的作用.“我们发现它必须在受精过程正常起作用才能引发生殖进程. 否则, 生殖进程就不会开始.”Sutovsky说.
PAWP为生殖早期的必需物质,这种蛋白质位于精子的头部,在精子与卵细胞融合后才与精子分离.PAWP激活受精卵分裂成胚胎, 并引发一种防止其他精子和卵细胞结合的防御机制.PAWP蛋白在生殖过程中重要作用使人们认识到:体内这种蛋白质水平低的人,受精过程可能就会不正常.因此,调控这种蛋白的水平就可能增加怀孕的机会.人们可以在实施胞浆内精子注射(ICSI)手术(一种将单一精子直接注射进入卵细胞的技术)时将一定剂量的该蛋白质同时注入.胞浆内精子注射是克服男性不育症最常用的一种技术.Sutovsky说:“这极其明确,对于由这种蛋白质缺少或不正常工作引起的不育症,我们可以通过提供该蛋白的合成品以帮助受精.”
字数:559 背景知识:
体外受精
体外受精(In Vitro Fertilization)是指哺乳动物的精子和卵子在体外人工控制的环境中完成受精过程的技术，英文简称为IVF。由于它与胚胎移植技术(ET)密不可分，又简称为IVF-ET。在生物学中，把体外受精胚胎移植到母体后获得的动物称试管动物(test-tube animal)。这项技术成功于20世纪50年代，在最近20年发展迅速，现已日趋成熟而成为一项重要而常规的动物繁殖生物技术。
体外受精技术对动物生殖机理研究、畜牧生产、医学和濒危动物保护等具有重要意义。如用小鼠、大鼠或家兔等作实验材料，体外受精技术可用于研究哺乳动物配子发生、受精和胚胎早期发育机理。在家畜品种改良中，体外受精技术为胚胎生产提供了廉价而高效的手段，对充分利用优良品种资源，缩短家畜繁殖周期，加快品种改良速度等有重要价值。在人类，IVF-ET技术是治疗某些不孕症和克服性连锁病的重要措施之一。体外受精技术还是哺乳动物胚胎移植、克隆、转基因和性别控制等现代生物技术不可缺少的组成部分。
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-02-14 18:24
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