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【科普】研究显示脂肪摄入过多有损寿命
由于无法以人为对象进行长期饮食测试，研究人员选择了两种实验鼠开展实验，其中一种是普通种类，另一种是基因变异的种类，后者的肌肉组织会比普通种类消耗更多能量，从而可模拟运动量较大的情况。
在实验中，研究人员按照不同的脂肪、碳水化合物和蛋白质的比例，制定了三种不同的饮食搭配。在实验鼠出生11周后，研究人员开始给它们定向喂食，每只实验鼠一直使用同一种饮食搭配，直到生命结束。
结果显示，寿命最短的是吃大量脂肪、适当蛋白质和大量碳水化合物的普通实验鼠，它们也是肥胖程度最高、增重速度最快的一类，平均寿命只有548天。而摄入同种饮食搭配的基因变异鼠的肥胖程度和增重速度都较低，平均能活到约785天。
最长寿的饮食搭配是少量脂肪、大量蛋白质与大量碳水化合物，进行这种饮食搭配的普通实验鼠平均能活814天，基因变异鼠则接近850天。
研究人员据此建议人们应少吃油腻食物，而喜欢吃油腻食物的人更要注意多运动。这一成果发表在英国最新一期《衰老细胞》杂志上。（来源：新华网 周谷风）
Summary
Little is known about how diet and energy metabolism interact in determination of lifespan under ad libitum feeding. From 12 weeks of age until death, male and female wild-type (WT) and transgenic (TG) mice with increased skeletal muscle mitochondrial uncoupling (HSA-mUCP1 mice) were fed one of three different semisynthetic diets differing in macronutrient ratio: control (high-carbohydrate/low-fat-HCLF) and two high-fat diets: high-carbohydrate/high-fat (HCHF), and low-carbohydrate/high-fat (LCHF). Compared to control and LCHF, HCHF feeding rapidly and significantly increased body fat content in WT. Median lifespan of WT was decreased by 33% (HCHF) and 7% (LCHF) compared to HCLF. HCHF significantly increased insulin resistance (HOMA) of WT from 24 weeks on compared to control. TG mice had lower lean body mass and increased energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, and maximum lifespan (+10%) compared to WT. They showed a delayed development of obesity on HCHF but reached similar maximum adiposity as WT. TG median lifespan was only slightly reduced by HCHF (?7%) and unaffected by LCHF compared to control. Correlation analyses showed that decreased longevity was more strongly linked to a high rate of fat gain than to adiposity itself. Furthermore, insulin resistance was negatively and weight-specific energy expenditure was positively correlated with longevity. We conclude that dietary macronutrient ratios strongly affected obesity development, glucose homeostasis, and longevity, (ii) that skeletal muscle mitochondrial uncoupling alleviated the detrimental effects of high-fat diets, and (iii) that early imbalances in energy homeostasis leading to increased insulin resistance are predictive for a decreased lifespan. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1474-9726.2010.00648.x/abstract 但高脂饮食有很多好处（附录一）。
问题可能是什么时候食用高脂饮食。应该是早餐（附录二）。上午肝功能是最强的。
附录一 【medical-news】二氧化碳或可解释“濒死体验” [推荐上首页]
http://www.dxy.cn/bbs/post/view?bid=116&id=16929289&tpg=1&ppg=1&sty=1#17061804
附录二【科普】早餐多摄入些脂肪可能更加健康 [推荐上首页]
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-01-08 12:22
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