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【科技新闻】金属为疯牛病推波助澜

金属为疯牛病推波助澜

(2006-06-13 11:02:48)


群芳 译自www.science.com,6月2日

生物化学家日前报告说,蛋白质的损毁能够培育出一只“疯牛”,而类似的疾病将有助于调节酵母细胞的金属新陈代谢。研究人员发现,如果生物暴露在具有高剂量金属的环境中,将使一种名为朊病毒的蛋白质产生出能够导致疾病的反常构造。这一发现将能够解释,为什么在冰岛、斯洛伐克和美国的科罗拉多州会突然暴发朊病毒疾病——这些地区的土壤中具有高浓度的锰。

疯牛病、羊瘙痒病以及人类患的古兹菲德—雅各氏病都是致命的疾病,并且在某些条件下,这种疾病导致的脑退化是能够传染的。通常认为,导致这种疾病的原因是由于朊蛋白的形状产生了变化,从而使相关的酶无法将其分解。这种蛋白质构造上的变化被认为是导致脑退化的直接原因,这是由于这些紊乱且通常不易被分解的蛋白质能够在脑组织中聚集。研究表明,有的金属能够与朊蛋白结合在一起,这就促使一些科学家希望搞清,金属是否也与蛋白质的构造变化有关。

如今,德国柏林市自由大学的生物化学家Gerd Multhaup和同事终于发现,朊蛋白能够改变酵母的金属代谢作用。研究人员首先选取了一种通常无法合成朊蛋白的酵母,他们随后向酵母中加入了并不会导致疾病的朊蛋白。研究人员在将于6月13日出版的《生物化学》杂志上报告这一研究成果。科学家发现,经过这些处理后,与不含朊蛋白的对照组相比,前者细胞内部的铜含量增加了1.6倍,同时锰的含量下降了一半。研究人员随后向培养基中加入了铜或锰,从而形成了1至5毫摩尔的浓度——在这两种情况下,这些添加的金属都使朊蛋白产生了难以分解的构造。

与此同时,Multhaup表示,这项新的发现以及前期的证据开始让他相信,暴露在富含金属的土壤中,以及食用富含金属的食物将是增加朊病毒疾病易感性的“一个危险因素”。

英国巴思大学的神经化学专家David Brown对此表示怀疑,但他也承认,这篇论文是“一个很好的证据”,表明金属能够对朊蛋白产生重要影响。英国肯特大学的酵母分子生物学者Mick Tuite指出:“任何试图在有机体中重建朊蛋白构造的努力都是向前迈出的重要一步。”但是Tuite对通常不含朊蛋白的酵母的实用性提出了质疑,他表示,需要进行更多的工作,从而证明朊蛋白在哺乳动物中也具有类似的属性。

Market watches metals and mad cows
By Jane Williams
December 29, 2003

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The stockmarket will be in a confident mood today as it prepares to end 2003 on the strength of booming metal prices and some solid economic results.

Investors will be keeping an eye on the impact of mad cow disease in the US.

Analysts said that, provided the incident was limited to one farm or region, there should be no wider implications on financial markets.

US stockmarkets shut early on Friday, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average closing ahead 19.48 points at 10,326.67.

The broader Standard & Poor's 500 edged up 1.85 points to 1095.89 while the tech-laced Nasdaq Composite finished the week up 3.91 points at 1973.14.

On the local bourse, the benchmark S&P/ASX 200 Index finished 10.8 points higher at 3265.6 when the market shut early at 2.15pm on Christmas Eve, while the All Ordinaries had risen 9.4 points to 3271.0.

Trade has been quiet in the US since Christmas, with beef and dairy stocks recovering slightly after losing ground following the reports of mad cow disease.

The Aussie dollar, the Australian beef industry and certain listed stocks would be supported should the mad cow outbreak in the US prove to be a wider problem, said CommSec senior analyst Craig James.

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On the downside, grain producers such as AWB could suffer from an expectation of reduced demand for feed.

A stronger impact on the Australian bourse this week will be the booming base metal prices. Nickel leads the metals, with prices at 14-year highs, while copper and lead are at their highest prices for more than six years.

Domestic data due for release this week includes the Australian Industry Group's December-quarter survey of manufacturing out today, consumer and home sales data tomorrow, and November private-sector credit figures on Wednesday.

- AAP [标签:content1][标签:content2]

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作者:admin@医学,生命科学    2011-02-19 05:17
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