主页 > 医学前沿 >

【bio-news】有机除草:芥菜产生的白芥子硫苷可除

Organic Weed Control: Scientists Serve Up Mustard Meal To Tame Weeds
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081228192713.htm

ScienceDaily (Jan. 4, 2009) — Sinalbin, the same compound that gives white mustard its pungent flavor, could also prove useful in fighting weeds. Agricultural Research Service (ARS) studies suggest sinalbin and other compounds released into soil by applications of white mustard seed meals can kill or suppress certain weedy grasses and annual broadleaf weeds.

Agronomist Rick Boydston, with the ARS Vegetable and Forage Crops Research Unit in Prosser, Wash., is conducting the studies with plant physiologist Steven Vaughn, at the ARS National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research in Peoria, Ill. They evaluated the effects of three mustard seed application rates: half a ton, one ton and two tons per acre. Of the three, the one-ton and two-ton rates worked best in peppermint, reducing barnyard grass, green foxtail, common lambsquarters, henbit and redroot pigweed populations by 90 percent several weeks after application.

Although young peppermint plants sustained minor damage from the treatment early on, they recovered and resumed their normal growth. Onions weren't so lucky. Regardless of the application rate used, the treatment severely damaged the bulb crop when applied before emergence, or before the onions produced two true leaves. Applications at the two-leaf stage or later were more promising.

In trials with potted rose, phlox, coreopsis and pasque flower, the treatment killed or reduced the growth of annual bluegrass, common chickweed, creeping woodsorrel and liverwort. In treated plots, 86 to 98 percent of common chickweed seedlings died; those that survived were shorter and weighed less than treatment-free chickweed seedlings.

Besides white mustard, the researchers also evaluated the weed-control effects of field pennycress seed meal and dried distiller grains (DDGs), derived from corn ethanol production. Like white mustard, field pennycress also has potential as a biodiesel crop. It and the DDGs were less effective than white mustard at controlling weeds.

The research aim is three-fold: provide organic farmers with an alternative to hand-pulling, burning and other laborious methods of weed control in specialty crops including peppermint and potted ornamentals; develop value-added uses for seed meal, should mustards prove useful in making biodiesel; and diminish environmental risks possibly resulting from conventional herbicide use.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Adapted from materials provided by U.S. Department Of Agriculture.

White Mustard Flower - Brassica Hirta. (Credit: iStockphoto/Nicholas Rjabow)
screen.width-333)this.width=screen.width-333" width=300 height=198 title="Click to view full 081231175357.jpg (300 X 198)" border=0 align=absmiddle> 本人已认领该文编译,48小时后若未提交译文,请其他战友自由认领。 有机除草:芥菜产生的白芥子硫苷可除草
Organic Weed Control: Scientists Serve Up Mustard Meal To Tame Weeds
杂草的有机控制:科学家运用芥末粉处理杂草
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081228192713.htm

ScienceDaily (Jan. 4, 2009) — Sinalbin, the same compound that gives white mustard its pungent flavor, could also prove useful in fighting weeds. Agricultural Research Service (ARS) studies suggest sinalbin and other compounds released into soil by applications of white mustard seed meals can kill or suppress certain weedy grasses and annual broadleaf weeds.
ScienceDaily(2009年1月4日)—— 白芥子硫苷,一种同样使白芥有股辛辣味道的化合物,在杂草的除去中也证明是有用。 农业研究服务中心(ARS)研究建议通过采用白芥种子粉将白芥子硫苷和其他化合物喷洒到土壤中来杀害或抑制某些蔓延生长的草和年生阔叶烟草的杂草。

Agronomist Rick Boydston, with the ARS Vegetable and Forage Crops Research Unit in Prosser, Wash., is conducting the studies with plant physiologist Steven Vaughn, at the ARS National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research in, Ill. They evaluated the effects of three mustard seed application rates: half a ton, one ton and two tons per acre. Of the three, the one-ton and two-ton rates worked best in peppermint, reducing barnyard grass, green foxtail, common lambsquarters, henbit and redroot pigweed populations by 90 percent several weeks after application.
农艺师Rick Boydston和在华盛顿普罗塞尔的ARS蔬菜和饲料作物的研究组与植物生理学家Steven Vaughn正在对此开展的研究,研究地点是伊利诺伊州Peoria的ARS国家农业应用研究中心。他们评价3类白芥种子应用量的影响:每英亩半吨,1吨和2吨。三个中,一吨和两吨施用量的效果最好,施用几个星期之后,使稗草、狗尾草、藜、宝盖草和反枝苋的数量减少了百分之九十。

阅读本文的人还阅读:

【medical-news】科学家发现

【medical-news】抗抑郁药欣

【drug-news】Gleevc 修饰,可

【medical-news】过度超重可

【bio-news】基因可能帮助

作者:admin@医学,生命科学    2011-09-07 05:11
医学,生命科学网