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【medical-news】干细胞治疗在炎性肠病中的应用前
Inflammatory Bowel Disorders (IBD), includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Chron's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestines. It primarily causes ulcerations (breaks in the lining) of the small and large intestines, but can affect the digestive system anywhere from the mouth to the anus. It is named after the physician who first described the disease in 1932. Chron's disease is sometimes also known as granulomatous enteritis or colitis, regional enteritis, ileitis, or terminal ileitis. Ulcerative colitis is another chronic inflammatory condition, involving only the colon. IBD affects approximately 500,000 to 2 million people in the United States.
肠炎，通常指的克隆病和溃疡性结肠炎，克隆病是慢性肠道疾病，主要特征是在小肠和大肠形成线性溃疡，但能发生在消化系统从口腔到肛门的任何部位，它的命名是由1932一位临床医生首次描述而得来的，克隆病在有时被认为是肉芽肿性肠炎或结肠炎，结段性结肠炎，回肠炎，末段结肠炎。溃疡性结肠炎是另外一种慢性炎症，仅发生与结肠，在美国，大约有50万到200万人患有该病。
The exact cause of IBD is unknown. Some scientists suspect it may be triggered by infections from certain bacteria, but definitive evidence to support this is lacking. IBD may also be caused by autoimmune reactions. The immune system normally defends the body against harmful bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other foreign invaders. However, if the body's own tissues are mistakenly recognized as "foreign," an autoimmune disease can result. In the case of IBD, the immune system attacks the cells lining the digestive tract. Recent research suggests inflammatory bowel disorders may also involve genetic predisposing factors.[2]
IBD的病因目前并不清楚，一些科学家怀疑可能是由于细菌感染而诱发该病，但是没有充分的证据对该论点进行支持，IBD有时也可由自身免疫诱发，正常的免疫系统能保护机体有效抵御有害病菌，病毒，真菌及其它外源侵入者，然而，有时机体自身组织会被误认为外源成分，此时自身免疫疾病就可能会发生，就IBD而言，免疫系统会攻击消化道细胞系，最近的研究提示炎性肠炎的发生和遗传因素有关系。
Currently there is no medical cure for IBD, and current treatments are not very effective. Once the diseases begin, they tend to fluctuate between periods of inactivity (remission) and activity (relapse); the treatment goal is to promote longer periods of remission and reduce the frequency and duration of relapses. Current approaches include treatment, as necessary, with anti-inflammatory medications, immune suppressing agents, anti-diarrheal medications and/or other drugs. Dietary modifications, such as reducing fiber intake and consuming a liquid diet, can be helpful. If portions of the intestine become severely diseased, surgery may be required.
目前没有治愈肠炎的有效方法，并且目前的治疗方案并不是很有效的，一旦该疾病发生，通常情况下患者会在缓解和复发中反复， 治疗的目的则是尽可能延长缓解期和缩短复发的频率和病程，目前的可行的治疗方法包括抗感染治疗，免疫抑制治疗，止泻疗法及其它药物治疗，饮食调整，类如减少纤维的摄入及增加流食会有助于缓解该病，如果小肠部分病变严重，手术是很有必要的。
Because IBD involves immune system destruction of cells in the intestine, stem cell therapy has the potential to help treat the disease by regenerating some of the destroyed tissue and/or favorably modulating the immune system so it is less prone to attacking the intestinal cells. Clinical experience to date suggests stem cell therapy for inflammatory bowel disorders can promote longer periods of remission and reduce the frequency and duration of relapses.
因为炎性肠病的发生于免疫系统对小肠内细胞的破坏有关，干细胞治疗被认为有助于该疾病的治疗，干细胞治疗通过再生部分被破坏的组织或者对免疫系统进行调节，降低对小肠细胞的破坏性。临床实验显示通过对炎性肠病的干细胞治疗能延长缓解期及缩短复发期的频率和持续时间。
A recent study at Northwestern University showed strong efficacy for the treatment of Chron's disease using stem cell transplantation. In this study, eleven of 12 patients entered a sustained remission. At a median follow-up of 18.5 months, only one patient had developed a recurrence of active Crohn's. This led researchers to conclude that stem cell therapy may be used as a safe and effective treatment for this condition.
最近有西北大学的一项研究表明： 通过干细胞移植能有效地对克隆病进行治疗，在这项研究中，12例实验病例中11例进入持续的缓解期，中位缓解期高达18.5个月，只有一例病人发展为克隆病反复复发期，该结果使研究人员相信干细胞治疗将是一种安全有效的治疗炎性肠病的方法。 [标签:content1][标签:content2]
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-08-22 06:39
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