主页 > 医学前沿 >
【科普】社交回避的心血管危险
人是社会性动物。个人的存在如果失去社会意义不会受到惩罚，人类的就会消失。上述研究表明，这种惩罚不但来自道德层面，更来自生物层面，可能是生物进化的必然结果。
婚姻的稳定也是人类繁衍的进化需要。一夜情也是应该受到惩罚的。短期浪漫与社交回避的可能联系（Schmitt 2005）也许是惩罚的方式之一。
心血管疾病是可以用鼻腔内低强度激光照治疗或血管内低能量激光照射治疗（刘承宜等2009）等没有副作用的弱激光康复，后者可否帮助社交回避或一夜情呢？
参考文献
Berry JD, Lloyd-Jones DM, Garside DB, Wang R, Greenland P. 2007. Social avoidance and long-term risk for cardiovascular disease death in healthy men: the Western Electric study.Ann Epidemiol. 2007 Aug;17:591-6.PURPOSE: Although personality traits may contribute to risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), inconsistent findings have prompted efforts to refine their measurement to include only the hostile and aggressive components. Data are sparse on the "social avoidance" (SA) subscale that measures more indirectly negative traits such as shyness. Thus, we sought to examine the association between SA and CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and non-CVD death. METHODS: A total of 2107 men (ages 40-55 years) free of baseline CVD were enrolled in 1957 in the Western Electric Study. SA was measured at study entry using the four-item subscale of the Cook-Medley hostility scale to divide the cohort into four groups according to the degree of social avoidance. CHD mortality, CVD mortality, and non-CVD mortality were determined by death certificate. RESULTS: After 30 years of follow-up, SA was associated with CVD mortality for the highest vs. the lowest SA group in age-adjusted models (hazard ratio 1.39; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.04-1.84) and after adjustment for traditional CVD risk factors (hazard ratio 1.49; 95% CI 1.12-2.00). After further adjustment for measures of hostility, the findings were similar. Findings for CHD mortality were similar. However, there was no significant association between SA and non-CVD mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Social avoidance is associated with CVD mortality but not with non-CVD mortality in middle-aged men. These findings suggest the hypothesis that social avoidance might promote CVD through physiologic, non-behavioral mechanisms.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T44-4NTHN2M-5&_user=2324792&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000056916&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2324792&md5=3c9f8fa2f9f144244b235bdc8d4cb255
Roelofs K, van Peer J, Berretty E, Jong P, Spinhoven P, Elzinga BM. 2009. Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperresponsiveness is associated with increased social avoidance behavior in social phobia. Biol Psychiatry. 2009 Feb 15;65(4):336-43. BACKGROUND: Social avoidance and inhibition in animals is associated with hyperresponsiveness of the glucocorticoid stress-system. In humans, the relation between glucocorticoid stress-reactivity and social avoidance behavior remains largely unexplored. We investigated whether increased cortisol stress-responsiveness is linked to increased social avoidance behavior in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD). METHODS: Patients with SAD (n = 18) as well as two control groups of healthy participants (n = 22) and patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; n = 17), respectively, performed a social approach-avoidance task (AA-task) in a baseline condition and in a social stress condition (provided by the Trier Social Stress Test). The AA-task is a computerized reaction-time task measuring the speed of manual approach and avoidance responses to visually presented social threat cues (angry faces). Salivary cortisol, blood pressure, and subjective anxiety were assessed throughout the experiment. RESULTS: Patients with SAD showed larger cortisol responses to the social stress test, as compared with healthy and PTSD control subjects. Most crucially, these increased cortisol responses were significantly correlated to the increase in social avoidance behavior measured by the AA-task in the social stress condition in SAD. An additional regression analysis showed that the cortisol responses predicted the stress-induced increase in social avoidance tendencies over and above the effects of blood pressure and subjective anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide the first evidence for a direct link between increased cortisol stress-responsiveness and social avoidance behavior in patients with SAD. The results support animal models of social avoidance and inhibition and might have important treatment implications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T4S-4TRR8XK-1&_user=2324792&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000056916&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2324792&md5=9c45cd656325f256ffade03de1802446
阅读本文的人还阅读：
作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2010-12-01 05:11
医学,生命科学网