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【bio-news】有关新生儿“第一句话”的秘密已被揭
Secret Of Newborn's First Words Revealed
ScienceDaily (Aug. 27, 2008) — A new study could explain why "daddy" and "mommy" are often a baby's first words – the human brain may be hard-wired to recognize certain repetition patterns.Using the latest optical brain imaging techniques, University of British Columbia post-doctoral fellow Judit Gervain and a team of researchers from Italy and Chile documented brain activities of 22 newborns (2-3 days old) when exposed to recordings of made-up words.
The researchers mixed words that end in repeating syllables – such as "mubaba" and "penana" – with words without repetition – such as "mubage" and "penaku." They found increased brain activities in the temporal and left frontal areas of the newborns' brain whenever the repetitious words were played. Words with non-adjacent repetitions ("bamuba" or "napena") elicited no distinctive responses from the brain.
"It's probably no coincidence that many languages around the world have repetitious syllables in their 'child words' – baby and daddy in English, papa in Italian and tata (grandpa) in Hungarian, for example," says Gervain from UBC Dept. of Psychology's Infant Studies Centre.
Scientists have studied how older children and adults acquire grammatical structures. This is one of the first studies on a newborn infant's innate ability to decipher structural patterns in language.
"The language centre of most right-handed adults is located on the left side of the brain," says Gervain. "This is consistent with our finding with new born babies and supports our belief humans are born with abilities that allow us to perceive and learn our mother tongue systematically and efficiently."
"The brain areas that are responsible for language in an adult do not 'learn' how to process language during development, but rather, they are specialized – at least in part – to process language from the start."
The study is published in the current issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences online Early Edition. 本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领 Secret Of Newborn's First Words Revealed
孩子开口第一句话的秘密
ScienceDaily (Aug. 27, 2008) — A new study could explain why "daddy" and "mommy" are often a baby's first words – the human brain may be hard-wired to recognize certain repetition patterns.Using the latest optical brain imaging techniques, University of British Columbia post-doctoral fellow Judit Gervain and a team of researchers from Italy and Chile documented brain activities of 22 newborns (2-3 days old) when exposed to recordings of made-up words.
（2008年8月27日）sciencedaily －一项新的研究能够解释为什么“爸爸”和“妈妈”往往是婴儿的第一句话：人类的大脑可能默认某些重复的语言形式.运用最新的光学脑功能成像技术，英属哥伦比亚大学的博士后研究员Judit Gervain 和一个来自意大利和智利研究小组记录22个新生儿（ 2-3天）对固定词汇能够表现出反应时大脑的活动。
The researchers mixed words that end in repeating syllables – such as "mubaba" and "penana" – with words without repetition – such as "mubage" and "penaku." They found increased brain activities in the temporal and left frontal areas of the newborns' brain whenever the repetitious words were played. Words with non-adjacent repetitions ("bamuba" or "napena") elicited no distinctive responses from the brain.
研究者将下列词汇混合：结尾有重复音节-如“ mubaba”和“ penana” -同结尾没有重复音节-如“mubage”和“ penaku”。他们发现，每当有重复音节的词语发生时，新生儿的左额领域大脑活动增加。结尾没有重复音节词汇（“ bamuba ”或“ napena ”）则没有引起大脑的明县反应。
"It's probably no coincidence that many languages around the world have repetitious syllables in their 'child words' – baby and daddy in English, papa in Italian and tata (grandpa) in Hungarian, for example," says Gervain from UBC Dept. of Psychology's Infant Studies Centre.
“世界各地的'孩子语言' 都有重复的音节，-在英语中的‘baby and daddy’ ，意大利语中的‘papa’和匈牙利语中的‘tata ’（爷爷），这个现象大概不是偶然的。”婴儿心理学的研究中心UBC研究部门的Gervain说 。
Scientists have studied how older children and adults acquire grammatical structures. This is one of the first studies on a newborn infant's innate ability to decipher structural patterns in language.
科学家们已经研究了年龄较大的儿童和成年人掌握如何语法结构。这是第一个对于新生儿破译语言结构模式的先天能力方面的研究。
"The language centre of most right-handed adults is located on the left side of the brain," says Gervain. "This is consistent with our finding with new born babies and supports our belief humans are born with abilities that allow us to perceive and learn our mother tongue systematically and efficiently."
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-08-31 05:16
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