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【medical-news】马路杀手？服用抗抑郁药的严重抑
服用抗抑郁药会导致严重抑郁症患者的驾驶能力下降
August 19, 2008 (Boston, Massachusetts) — A combination of severe depression and antidepressant use may impair driving ability, new research suggests.
2008.08.19(波士顿，马萨诸塞州)－新的研究显示，服用抗抑郁药会导致严重抑郁症患者的驾驶能力下降
In a study presented here at the American Psychological Association 116th Annual Convention, researchers from the University of North Dakota found individuals with severe depression who were taking antidepressants had reduced concentration and slower reaction times behind the wheel than their counterparts with milder depression who were also taking antidepressants. Furthermore, study participants with mild depression who were taking antidepressants performed no differently from normal controls.
第116届美国心理学年会上介绍了一项新的研究，来自北达科他州大学的研究者们发现，在服用抗抑郁药后驾车时，重度抑郁症患者比轻度患者的专注力下降和反应时间延长，而且受试人员中的轻度抑郁症患者在服用抗抑郁药前后，其驾驶过程中的专注力和反应时间等并无差异。
"These findings suggest that together, high depression scores and antidepressant use seem to confer a double whammy, so that individuals with this combination have significantly poorer concentration and slower reaction times when driving," principal investigator Holly Dannewitz, PhD, told Medscape Psychiatry.
调查组组长Holly Dannewitz博士告诉Medscape精神病学版的工作人员，“从这些调查结果来看，较高的抑郁评分和抗抑郁药的共同作用会带来双倍的损害，致使患者驾车时产生明显的专注力下降和反应时间延长。”
Conflicting Findings
不一致的结果
According to Dr. Dannewitz, a small number of previous studies suggest some antidepressants can negatively affect individuals' cognitive performance, impairing memory and reducing reaction time. However, she added, other studies suggest antidepressant treatment has no effect on cognitive function.
据Dannewitz博士介绍，之前曾有为数不多的几项研究结果显示，有些抗抑郁药会对服药者的认知行为产生负面的影响，出现记忆力减退和反应时间减少，也有另外一些研究结果显示，抗抑郁药治疗对认知功能没有影响。
To further explore the potential impact of these medications on cognitive function, and specifically driving performance, the researchers recruited 60 individuals — 31 who were on at least 1 antidepressant and 29 matched controls who were taking no medication with the exception, in some cases, of oral contraceptives.
为了进一步观察抗抑郁药对服药者认知功能特别是对驾驶行为的潜在影响，研究者们招募了60位受试者，其中31位受试者服用至少1种抗抑郁药，对照组的29位受试者中除个别受试者服用口服避孕药，其余均不服用任何药物。
To determine depression levels and information about current medication use, all participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd ed (BDI-II), a History of Sadness Questionnaire, and a medical history questionnaire.Subjects in the antidepressant group were further divided into 2 groups, 1 with average BDI-II scores of 0 – 12 and the other with above-average BDI-II scores of 14 – 39.
所有的受试者均完成了贝克抑郁自评量表（BDI-II）、悲伤史问卷和病史问卷，以确定他们的抑郁水平和目前的用药情况。在服用抗抑郁药组中，问题被进一步分成两组，一组用于平均BDI-II评分在0-12的受试者，另一组用于平均BDI-II评分在14-39及以上的受试者。
Study subjects participated in a computerized driving simulation to assess driving ability — specifically, steering, scanning, and concentration. Following completion of practice laps, individuals completed 4 test laps. The practice lap was the easiest and the final lap the most difficult in terms of a greater number of distracters and the need for more responses.
试验通过电脑模拟驾驶来评估受试者的驾驶能力－包括转向能力、观察能力和专注力。在经过几圈练习后，每个受试者需要完成4圈的正式测试，其中第4圈正式测试所需要做出的反应最多，出现的完成不佳的“分心者”也最多，相比之下，在正式测试前所完成的练习圈对所做反应的要求最少，出现的“分心者”也最少。
The driving simulator measured reaction times for 2 tasks — a peripheral and central task. The central task required subjects to hit the brake pedal in response to brake lights, while the peripheral task required participants to hit a paddle in response to a stop sign or traffic signal.
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-02-14 18:19
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