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【medical-news】用干细胞制造软组织
Science Daily — Researchers from Columbia University Medical Center received a $2.5 million grant from the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering to use stem cells to engineer soft tissue, developing a process that should ultimately allow scientists to use a patient’s own stem cells to develop tissue for facial reconstruction following disfiguring injuries from war, cancer surgery or accidents.
The Columbia research team, led by Jeremy Mao, D.D.S., Ph.D., associate professor of dental medicine, aims to create long-lasting soft tissue implants from mesenchymal stem cells harvested from the patient’s own bone marrow or adipose tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into bone, fat, cartilage and other types of cells.
“Our research has shown that mesenchymal stem cells can create tissue that is biocompatible with the host and that the continuous generation of these cells can replenished the implant to reduce shrinkage,” said Dr. Mao.
Currently, surgeons often graft from the patient’s own tissue, which creates additional wounds. Grafted cells also fail to stay alive, causing implants to shrink up to 70 percent and lose their shape and volume. Attempts have also been made to use fat cells left over after liposuction, but those cells also have a limited lifespan.
The Columbia team of biologists, biomedical engineers, biomaterial scientists, imaging experts and surgeons has shown that human mesenchymal stem cells can create long-lasting implants in mice. The implant is created by placing the stem cells into an FDA-approved scaffold that mimics the conditions needed to turn stem cells into fat cells. Because stem cells have the ability to replicate and differentiate, they can regenerate the soft tissue, keeping the implant from shrinking. In mice, these cells have successfully created fat cells that could be implanted and retained their size and shape for at least a month.
Because the implants can be molded into any size or shape, they could also be used for breast reconstruction.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/06/070630054807.htm Researchers Use Adult Stem Cells To Create Soft Tissue
研究人员应用成人干细胞制造软组织
Science Daily — Researchers from Columbia University Medical Center received a $2.5 million grant from the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering to use stem cells to engineer soft tissue, developing a process that should ultimately allow scientists to use a patient’s own stem cells to develop tissue for facial reconstruction following disfiguring injuries from war, cancer surgery or accidents.
每日科学――哥伦比亚大学医学院的研究人员得到美国国家生物医学成像和生物工程学研究所的250万美元资助，用于研究用干细胞制造组织，重建因战争、肿瘤等导致的面部损伤。
The Columbia research team, led by Jeremy Mao, D.D.S., Ph.D., associate professor of dental medicine, aims to create long-lasting soft tissue implants from mesenchymal stem cells harvested from the patient’s own bone marrow or adipose tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into bone, fat, cartilage and other types of cells.
Jeremy Mao是哥伦比亚大学研究团队的领导人。他是科学博士、齿科学副教授。研究目的是从间充质干细胞中（从患者的骨髓或者脂肪组织中获得）制造持久的软组织移植物。间充质干细胞能分化成骨、脂肪、软骨和其他种类细胞。
“Our research has shown that mesenchymal stem cells can create tissue that is biocompatible with the host and that the continuous generation of these cells can replenished the implant to reduce shrinkage,” said Dr. Mao.
“我们的研究已经显示，骨髓干细胞能够制造与宿主有生物相容性的组织，这些细胞的后代能补充移植物，从而减少收缩。” Mao博士说。
Currently, surgeons often graft from the patient’s own tissue, which creates additional wounds. Grafted cells also fail to stay alive, causing implants to shrink up to 70 percent and lose their shape and volume. Attempts have also been made to use fat cells left over after liposuction, but those cells also have a limited lifespan.
现在，外科医生经常将自体组织移植到患者身上，这会导致新的损伤。而移植的细胞经常不能存活，这使得移植物收缩了70％并失去了原有的外形和容量。研究者曾试图应用脂肪抽吸术后的脂肪细胞，但是这些细胞的寿命也很短。
The Columbia team of biologists, biomedical engineers, biomaterial scientists, imaging experts and surgeons has shown that human mesenchymal stem cells can create long-lasting implants in mice. The implant is created by placing the stem cells into an FDA-approved scaffold that mimics the conditions needed to turn stem cells into fat cells. Because stem cells have the ability to replicate and differentiate, they can regenerate the soft tissue, keeping the implant from shrinking. In mice, these cells have successfully created fat cells that could be implanted and retained their size and shape for at least a month.
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-02-20 05:11
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