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【medical-news】研究人员从睾丸中培养出分泌胰岛
研究人员从睾丸中培养出分泌胰岛素的细胞
December 14, 2010 — New research suggests it may be possible for people with type 1 diabetes to grow their own insulin-producing cells -- an advancement that could lead to a cure for this form of diabetes.
2010年12月14日—— 最新研究提示1型糖尿病患者生长出自的胰岛素分泌细胞是可能的，这一进展可能会使这种糖尿病能够治愈。
The preliminary findings are slated to be presented at the American Society of Cell Biology 50th annual meeting in Philadelphia.
初步结果预计将在费城召开的美国细胞生物学协会第50届年会上公布。
“The goal here is to cure diabetes, not to treat it,” says study author G. Ian Gallicano, PhD, an associate professor in the department of biochemistry and molecular and cellular biology and the director of the Transgenic Core Facility at Georgetown University Medical Center in Washington, D.C.
“我们的目标是治愈糖尿病，而不是治疗糖尿病”，本研究的作者G. Ian Gallicano博士说。G. Ian Gallicano博士是Washington, D.C.州Georgetown University医学中心转基因核心实验室主任、生物化学和分子和细胞生物学系副教授。
Islet cells in the pancreas are responsible for producing insulin, but these cells are destroyed in people with type 1 diabetes.
胰岛素是由胰腺中的胰岛细胞生产的，但这些细胞在1型糖尿患者被破坏。
Of Mice and Men
小鼠和人
In the new study, however, researchers were able to take cells from men’s testicular tissue, isolate stem cells, and turn them into insulin-secreting islet cells. These islet cells were then re-injected into mice with diabetes.
然而在这项新的研究中，研究人员能够从男性的睾丸组织提取细胞，分离干细胞，使之成为能够分泌胰岛素的胰岛细胞。将这些胰岛细胞再注射到患有糖尿病的小鼠。
And it worked. “These cells behave a lot like beta-islet cells,” Gallicano says. “They secrete insulin in response to glucose, and we were able to secrete insulin in mouse models to reduce high blood sugar or glucose levels.” The effects lasted for one week.
这些细胞发挥了作用。“这些细胞很像β-胰岛细胞”，Gallicano说。 “他们能在葡萄糖刺激下分泌胰岛素，我们可以让其在小鼠模型中分泌胰岛素，以降低高血糖或葡萄糖水平。” 该作用可持续一个星期。
The next step is to see if these cells can produce enough insulin to cure diabetes in people. If this occurs, clinical trials in humans can begin, he says.
下一步是要观察这些细胞是否能够产生足够的胰岛素而治愈糖尿病患者。如果这种情况是可能的话，可开始在人体进行临床试验，他说。
Today, islet cells can be transplanted from donors into people with diabetes, but there is the risk of rejection. This risk is eliminated when the islet cells are derived from the recipient. There is also a shortage of available islet cell donors.
今天，胰岛细胞可以从捐献者移植到患有糖尿病的患者，但有排斥的风险。如果胰岛细胞是从患者身上培养出来的，那么这种风险将不会存在。这还可解决胰岛细胞捐献者短缺的问题。
Gallicano says there are many unanswered questions, such as how to best deliver these bioengineered cells back into the body, and whether it will work in women.
Gallicano说，还有许多尚未解决的问题，比如如何将这些生物工程细胞移植回人体以及它是否可以在女性患者中发挥作用等。
American Society of Cell Biology 50th annual meeting, Philadelphia, Dec. 11-15, 2010.
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-01-26 23:31
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