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【medical-news】口服避孕药将增加特定妇女患乳腺
Oral Contraceptives Increase Risk For Breast Cancer In Some Women, Meta-analysis Finds
A meta-analysis published in the October issue of Mayo Clinic Proceedings indicts oral contraceptives as putting premenopausal women at significantly increased risk for breast cancer, especially women who use them prior to having a child.
The meta-analysis builds on many studies with similar findings. But even as the findings stack up, many women are unaware of the risks posed by oral contraceptive use prior to pregnancy, says lead study author Chris Kahlenborn, M.D., of Altoona Hospital in Altoona, Pa.
Dr. Kahlenborn says the discrepancy between risk and patient awareness prompted the meta-analysis, which involved extracting data from 34 studies on whether oral contraceptive (OC) use is associated with premenopausal breast cancer. Included in the studies were women who were premenopausal or younger than 50 and who had been, in most cases, diagnosed with breast cancer during or after 1980.
"As I studied the medical literature, I noticed that a trend appeared," says Dr. Kahlenborn. "Namely, OC use prior to first-term pregnancy seemed to consistently increase the risk of premenopausal breast cancer. Although the trend was apparent, premenopausal women have continued to hear that OCs are basically safe."
Rather, patients should know that sustained oral contraceptive use prior to pregnancy increases a premenopausal woman's risk of developing breast cancer, saysDr. Kahlenborn. He says physicians should better inform their patients of the risks associated with oral contraceptives and calls it a "clear-cut informed consent issue."
The study noted that 21 out of 23 retrospective studies have shown an increased risk of breast cancer in women who took oral contraceptives prior to pregnancy. It also showed that those women experienced an increased risk of 44 percent.
What's more, in 2005, the World Health Organization officially classified oral contraceptives as a class one carcinogen, the study's authors say.
These are staggering results given that more that more than 45,000 women each year develop breast cancer prior to menopause, Dr. Kahlenborn says.
"My hope is that physicians will provide more detailed information to their patients about hormonal contraceptives," he says. "The authors of our meta-analysis believe that women deserve to be fully informed."
Other authors of the meta-analysis study are Francesmary Modugno, Ph.D., and Douglas Potter, Ph.D., both of the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and Walter Severs, Ph.D., of Pennsylvania State University in University Park.
注：meta分析是对同一课题的多项独立研究的结果进行系统的、定量的综合性分析。它是文献的量化综述，是以同一课题的多项独立研究的结果为研究对象，在严格设计的基础上，运用适当的统计学方法对多个研究结果进行系统、客观、定量的综合分析。
meta分析的主要优点有：1）能对同一课题的多项研究结果的一致性进行评价；2）对同一课题的多项研究结果作系统性评价和总结；3）提出一些新的研究问题，为进一步研究指明方向；4）当受制于某些条件时，如时间或研究对象的限制，meta分析不失为一种选择；5）从方法学的角度，对现阶段某课题的研究设计进行评价；6）发现某些单个研究未阐明的问题；7）对小样本的临床实验研究，meta分析可以统计效能和效应值估计的精确度。因此，设计合理，严密的meta分析文章能对证据进行更客观的评价（与传统的描述性的综述相比），对效应指标进行更准确、客观的评估，并能解释不同研究结果之间的异质性。meta分析符合人们对客观规律的认识过程，是与循证医学的思想完全一致的，是一个巨大的进步。 本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领。 Oral Contraceptives Increase Risk For Breast Cancer In Some Women, Meta-analysis Finds
Meta分析发现口服避孕药将增加特定妇女患乳腺癌的风险
A meta-analysis published in the October issue of Mayo Clinic Proceedings indicts oral contraceptives as putting premenopausal women at significantly increased risk for breast cancer, especially women who use them prior to having a child.
一项发表于十月份Mayo Clinic Proceedings杂志的Meta分析指出，口服避孕药使绝经前女性患乳腺癌的风险大大增加，尤其是未生育女性。
The meta-analysis builds on many studies with similar findings. But even as the findings stack up, many women are unaware of the risks posed by oral contraceptive use prior to pregnancy, says lead study author Chris Kahlenborn, M.D., of Altoona Hospital in Altoona, Pa.
此meta分析基于许多类似结果的研究。美国宾夕法尼亚州奥尔托纳医院的首席研究员说，当此结果不断被证实时，许多女性仍对怀孕前用口服避孕药的风险毫不知情。
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2010-11-13 17:11
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