主页 > 生命科学 >
【编译】埃博拉病毒和马尔堡病毒疫苗对灵长类
原题：Live attenuated recombinant vaccine protects nonhuman primates against Ebola and Marburg viruses
作者：Steven M Jones1, 2, 9, Heinz Feldmann1, 3, 9, Ute Ströher1, 3, Joan B Geisbert4, Lisa Fernando1, Allen Grolla1, Hans-Dieter Klenk5, Nancy J Sullivan6, Viktor E Volchkov7, Elizabeth A Fritz4, Kathleen M Daddario8, Lisa E Hensley4, Peter B Jahrling4 & Thomas W Geisbert4
摘要：Vaccines and therapies are urgently needed to address public health needs stemming from emerging pathogens and biological threat agents such as the filoviruses Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV). Here, we developed replication-competent vaccines against EBOV and MARV based on attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vectors expressing either the EBOV glycoprotein or MARV glycoprotein. A single intramuscular injection of the EBOV or MARV vaccine elicited completely protective immune responses in nonhuman primates against lethal EBOV or MARV challenges. Notably, vaccine vector shedding was not detectable in the monkeys and none of the animals developed fever or other symptoms of illness associated with vaccination. The EBOV vaccine induced humoral and apparent cellular immune responses in all vaccinated monkeys, whereas the MARV vaccine induced a stronger humoral than cellular immune response. No evidence of EBOV or MARV replication was detected in any of the protected animals after challenge. Our data suggest that these vaccine candidates are safe and highly efficacious in a relevant animal model.
译文：埃博拉病毒和马尔堡病毒是正在出现的病原体，它们能在人群和非人类灵长类中引发高死亡率的出血热，而且这些病原体可被用作潜在的、无法医治的生物恐怖武器，所以对它们疫苗的研究越来越关紧迫。目前，还没有任何对付埃博拉或马尔堡病毒的疫苗或药物被批准用于人类。在我们的研究中，开发出对付这两种病毒的疫苗。这种疫苗是基于对表达出埃博拉或马尔堡病毒表面蛋白质的水泡性口炎病毒的重组。这种疫苗被削弱了，意味着它的结构类似rVSV，但能激发无症状的感染，这种疫苗含有可被埃博拉或马尔堡表面蛋白质所替代的表面蛋白质。我们发现，当对比性的病毒注入短尾猿时，短尾猿在注入两种疫苗中的任何一种后都会产生完整的保护性免疫反应。为了研究这种保护性的免疫机制，在所有接受疫苗注射的猴子中，埃博拉疫苗诱导了细胞和抗体导向的免疫反应。然而，由马尔堡病疫苗诱导产生的抗体导向反应强度高于对应的细胞反应。我们在接种疫苗的动物中都没有发现复制的埃博拉或马尔堡病毒。研究的数据表明，这些候选疫苗在相关模型动物的试验中是安全、高效的，它们非常有希望应用于人类。
全文连接：http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/v11/n7/full/nm1258.html [标签:content1][标签:content2]
阅读本文的人还阅读：
作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-02-23 05:11
医学,生命科学网