主页 > 生命科学 >
【medical-news】预防肿瘤放疗辐射损害有新药
Radiation damage is one of the most frightening aspects of catastrophic nuclear events but, more often, cancer patients suffer the gut-wrenching side effects of the radiation that is administered in an effort to kill the tumor and save the life. In what one scientist describes as his “eureka moment,” a new drug was envisioned that has turned into a very viable potential weapon in the fights against both cancer and nuclear emergency.
Andrei Gudkov, affiliated with the Roswell Park Cancer Institute, has developed CBLB502, the code name for his new drug that protects healthy cells from the damage caused by radiation even while killing off the cancerous cells. The eureka moment came when he got the idea to put one of cancer’s own sneaky little tricks to work against it.
The trick is apoptosis, or cellular suicide. When healthy cells are exposed to radiation, even at doses that produce damage than can be repaired, they instead do what seems to be suicide. The cells in the bone marrow and gastrointestinal (GI) tract are particularly vulnerable.
Cancer cells, however, use various means of blocking apoptosis, enabling cancerous tumors to grow. One way they block cellular suicide is by activating a signaling pathway known as NFKB, or nuclear factor-KappaB.
By imitating this tumor trick, Gudkov and his team of colleagues were able to block apoptosis in healthy tissue by introducing flagellin, a protein made from bacteria in the GI tract, to activate the NFKB pathway.
They then administered their flagellin-based experimental drug on rhesus monkeys and mice before exposing the animals to full-body, lethal doses of radiation, similar to what might be received during a widespread nuclear emergency. The drug was administered 15 minutes to one hour before radiation exposure.
The remarkable result of this experimental trickery was protection of the animals’ bone marrow and GI tracts from destruction typically caused by radiation, and with no no observable side effects. What is even more exciting is that the cancerous tumors were killed, as desired, by the radiation treatment.
When mice were given the flagellin-based drug an hour after receiving rather high doses of radiation, their survival rate improved although the tissue protection wasn’t as dramatic as when it is administered beforehand.
Gudkov has founded a company, Cleveland Biolabs Inc., with the goal of bringing the drug to market. He intends it to be used in both cancer radiation therapies and for biodefense means. The US Department of Defense is one of several government agencies providing funds for the research.
http://medheadlines.com/2008/04/11/new-drug-prevents-radiation-damage/ 本人已认领该文编译，48小时后若未提交译文，请其他战友自由认领。 New Drug Prevents Radiation Damage
题目：发现预防放射损伤的新药
Radiation damage is one of the most frightening aspects of catastrophic nuclear events but, more often, cancer patients suffer the gut-wrenching side effects of the radiation that is administered in an effort to kill the tumor and save the life. In what one scientist describes as his “eureka moment,” a new drug was envisioned that has turned into a very viable potential weapon in the fights against both cancer and nuclear emergency.
放射性损伤是核辐射事故的最可怕的副反应，但是更常见的是癌症患者在接受放疗时产生的痛苦的副作用。患者接受放疗是为了杀死肿瘤，同时拯救自己的生命。在一名科学家所描述的“我发现了的时刻”中，一种新药被设计出，这种新药能够被转化为抵抗癌症治疗所导致的和核辐射事故所导致的副反应的有效武器。
Andrei Gudkov, affiliated with the Roswell Park Cancer Institute, has developed CBLB502, the code name for his new drug that protects healthy cells from the damage caused by radiation even while killing off the cancerous cells. The eureka moment came when he got the idea to put one of cancer’s own sneaky little tricks to work against it.
Roswell Park Cancer Institute的研究人员Andrei Gudkov已经研制出一种叫CBLB502的新药，CBLB502是这种新药的代码，它可以保护健康细胞免受放射损伤，即使在放射剂量可以把肿瘤细胞全部杀灭的情况下。当Andrei Gudkov想出通过利用一种秘密的癌症自身的小机制去杀伤癌细胞时，“我发现了的时刻”就到来了。
The trick is apoptosis, or cellular suicide. When healthy cells are exposed to radiation, even at doses that produce damage than can be repaired, they instead do what seems to be suicide. The cells in the bone marrow and gastrointestinal (GI) tract are particularly vulnerable.
这一机制时凋亡，或者称细胞自杀。当健康细胞接受辐射时，即使剂量产生的损伤大于修复时，它们仍然进行着凋亡。当接受照射时，骨髓和胃肠道的细胞更容易出现凋亡。
阅读本文的人还阅读：
作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2011-02-12 05:14
医学,生命科学网