主页 > 生命科学 >
【Science News编译】 中国加紧生物安全法规的制定
【 News编译】
来自北京的消息－－由于实验室操作不当所引起的SARS爆发，中国政府最近出台了第一部国家实验室安全法规。去年四月，因为失误导致SARS病毒在实验室的传播，引发1人死亡，9人受累。
新的法规，已于11月27日正式生效。具体内容是以WHO实验室安全操作手册为基础，详细规定4个级别的实验室标准，与WHO的规定的4级相符合。也正如WHO手册规定，中国的这个法规详细说明，病原体包括SARS病毒，禽流感病毒，只能在3级和4级实验室中进行操作。中国的规定比WHO的规定更严厉，对于实验室主管的处罚，可能按照犯罪来进行。
以前，实验室安全问题是各个单位的问题，没有规范化的实施，没有强制实行。立法部门的一位官员称，去年已经开始制定法规，但由于北京疾病控制中心的不规范化操作所致2名研究人员感染，并传染给数人，加速了这一法规颁布的进程。
北京一位负责传染性疾病监控的官员称，这一法规是在正确方向上一个非常积极的举动。这一法规对于实验室的安全管理来说相当重要。SARS的爆发是一个非常大的失误。
研究人员普遍赞同政府对安全的规定。但也有一位科学家并不肯定这一做法，称这一新法规太过严格。Hall认为这些抱怨也是普遍现象，必须要有效控制危险病原体传播与加快必要的研究间找到平衡。
【 原文】
China Tightens Biosafety Rules
BEIJING--Spurred in part by laboratory mishaps that led to an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), China has enacted its first national laboratory biosafety regulations. The virus, accidentally spread by researchers, killed one person and sickened nine last April.
The new regulations, which went into effect 27 November, are based largely on the Laboratory Biosafety Manual of the World Health Organization (WHO) and define four levels of labs, corresponding to the biosafety levels 1 through 4 of the WHO manual. Also as in the WHO manual, the Chinese regulations specify pathogens, including the viruses that cause SARS and avian influenza, that can be handled only in level- 3 and -4 labs. China's new guidelines go further than WHO's in recommending that lab managers failing to follow the regulations be subject to criminal investigations.
Work on the regulations began last year but was accelerated after sloppy lab practices at the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Beijing led to infections of two researchers who passed the disease on to several contacts (ScienceNOW, 27 April), says Song Ruilin, an official with the State Council's Legislative Affairs Office. Previously, lab safety was the responsibility of individual ministries, practices were not standardized, and there was lax enforcement.
Julie Hall, WHO coordinator for communicable disease surveillance and response in Beijing, calls the new regulations "a very positive move in the right direction." She says it is particularly significant that the regulations tackle lab biosafety management, "which was one of the failings" identified in the aftermath of the SARS virus leaks.
Researchers generally applaud the government's attention to boosting lab safety. But one scientist, who did not want to be identified, calls the new regulations "unrealistically strict." Hall says such complaints are not uncommon and may be part of the process of finding a balance between restricting access to dangerous bugs and promoting needed research.
下面为WHO安全操作规定：
http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/biosafety/en/Labbiosafety.pdf
阅读本文的人还阅读：
作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2010-10-07 17:11
医学,生命科学网