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COX-2、P53 在乳腺癌中的表达
中文摘要
目的:探讨COX-2、p53在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与肿瘤组织微血管密度和淋巴结转移的关系
方法:应用原位杂交方法检测60例乳腺癌和20例乳腺良性病变组织COX-2mRNA的表达,应用免疫组织化学SP法检测组织中的COX-2、p53蛋白的表达,并用第FⅧ因子相关抗原标记癌组织血管内皮细胞,计算肿瘤内微血管密度(MVD)。
结果:60例乳腺癌组织中有31例COX-2mRNA表达阳性,阳性表达率为51.7%, COX-2蛋白表达阳性数为33例,阳性表达率为55%,有35例 p53蛋白表达阳性,阳性表达率为58.3% ,p53阳性病人中COX-2阳性表达率为68.6% ,p53阴性病人中COX-2阳性表达率为36% ,差异有高度的显著性(p<0.05)。COX-2(+)或p53(+)组MVD(48.00±8.31;47.77±7.76)均显著高于COX-2(--)或p53(--)组(37.07±5.90;36.52±6.43,P<0.01),COX-2和p53均阳性时MVD最大(50.92±5.98,p<0.01)。在有淋巴结转移的病人中COX-2阳性表达率为73.5 %,在无淋巴结转移的病人中为30.8%,差异有显著性(p<0.01)。在有淋巴结转移的病人中p53阳性表达率为70.6%,在无淋巴结转移的病人中为42.3 %,差异有显著性(p<0.05)。结论:乳腺癌组织中COX-2的表达与乳腺癌的血管生成和淋巴结转移有关,乳腺癌组织中p53的表达与乳腺癌的血管生成和淋巴结转移有关,COX-2和p53在乳腺癌血管生成中可能具有协同作用,联合检测二者具有重要的临床价值,可能为乳腺癌的治疗提供新的靶点,值得深入探讨。
[关键词] 乳腺肿瘤;环氧化酶-2;p53; 微血管密度;淋巴结转移;原位杂交;免疫组织化学
Relationship between the expression of cyclooxygenase-2,p53 and microvascular density, lymph node metastasis of breast cancer
Abstract
Objector: The aim were to investigate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) and p53 in breast cancer, and to evaluate correlation between them and microvascular density , and to evaluate correlation between them and lymph node metastasis . Method: S-P immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization assay were utilized to measure the protein and mRNA expression of COX-2 in 60 breast cancer and 20 breast carcinoid. The Ⅷ-RAg, p53 expression were measure by S-P immunohistochemical method, meanwhile,density of microvessel in the breast tissue were assay. Results: The positive rate of COX-2 mRNA was 51.7%(31/60) and that of COX-2 protein was 55%(33/60). The positive rate of p53 protein was 58.3%(35/60).The positive rate of COX-2 was 68.6% in the p53(+) group and that was 36% in the p53(--) group, the difference was highly significant(p<0.05).The MVDs in COX-2(+) or p53(+)(48.00±8.31;47.77±7.76)were both significantly higher than that in COX-2(--) or p53(--)(37.07±5.90;36.52±6.43,P<0.01), The MVD(50.92±5.98,p<0.01) reached the maximum in the patients whose COX-2 and p53 were both positive.The positive rate of p53 protein was 70.6% in lymph node metastasis and that was 42.3 % without lymph node metastasis, the difference was significant (p<0.05). The positive rate of COX-2 protein was 73.5% in lymph node metastasis and that was 30.8 % without lymph node metastasis, the difference was significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: COX-2 is related to tumor angiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. P53 is related to tumor angiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. COX-2 and p53 show a positive correlation in breast cancer angiogenesis. Combined dertermination of COX-2 and p53 expression has important clinical significance. They may provide new targets for therapy of breast cancer.
[Key word] breast cancer cyclooxygenase-2 p53 microvascular density lymph node metastasis in situ hybridization immunohistochemistry
前言
乳腺癌严重影响着妇女的健康,全世界每年有120万妇女发生乳腺癌,有约50万妇女死于乳腺癌。在我国以京津唐地区为高发区[1]。皖北地区乳腺癌的发病率也较高,居于女性恶性肿瘤的前位,防治乳腺癌的任务十分艰巨。肿瘤的生长、浸润和转移是血管生成依赖性的,乳腺癌也不例外。在无血管生长的早期实体肿瘤,即血管前期肿瘤是通过弥散方式获取营养,此期肿瘤小于0.4mm3,当肿瘤大于0.4mm3时,弥散方式已不能满足其生长需要,为保证其快速增殖必须有血管生成[2]。肿瘤血管生成由肿瘤细胞分泌多种细胞因子来促进的,近年来研究较深入的有酸性和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(aFGF,bFGF),转化生长因子(TGF),血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)。乳腺癌的病因尚未完全明了,降低死亡率的最好办法是早期发现早期治疗。肿瘤发生转移前应用手术或放疗可治愈绝大多数病例,一旦发生转移,积极治疗仅能治愈小部分病例。乳腺癌腋淋巴结转移率发生很高,文献报道病人在就诊时有50%-70%已有腋淋巴结转移。腋淋巴结转移情况与原发肿瘤大小有关,肿瘤体积越大病期越晚,腋淋巴结转移数就越高转移率越高。即使临床未扪及腋下有肿大淋巴结,术后病理检查也常发现有淋巴结转移。故了解乳腺癌的淋巴结转移情况,有助于选择治疗乳腺癌的最好方案[1]。COX-2是前列腺素PGS合成过程中的限速酶,它将花生四烯酸代谢成各种前列腺素产物,后者参与维持机体的各种生理病理过程,一些研究认为COX-2与调节肿瘤血管生成和淋巴结转移有关[3]。p53基因是变异频率最高的基因,近年研究表明p53基因突变在乳腺癌的发生发展过程中可能起重要作用. 几乎有50%的人类肿瘤细胞中存在p53基因突变,p53还被认为是细胞应急的关键性调控分子之一,能整合各种不同的细胞危急事件的信号,通过转录或非转录途径对这些信号作出包括细胞生长抑制或凋亡在内的不同反应[4]。有研究表明mtp53的表达与肿瘤VEGF表达水平及微血管密度密切相关[5]。本实验研究探讨COX-2、p53在乳腺癌组织中的表达,探讨COX-2、p53蛋白表达与乳腺癌微血管密度和淋巴结转移的关系,并探讨COX-2、p53之间的相互关系,有助于肿瘤早期发现,筛选转移高危病例,通过在分子水平干预肿瘤血管形成,为治疗提供新的思路。
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2010-10-22 13:09
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