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【社会人文】低出生体重降低生活质量
Low birth weights lower quality of life 低出生体重降低生活质量
Babies with very low birth weights tend to have a much lower quality of life when they are three or four years old, according to a study published in the latest issue of the UK-based Journal of Advanced Nursing.
据报道，极低出生体重儿在3到4岁时，生活质量较正常儿明显降低
Researchers assessed 118 children who had birth weights of 1500g or less and compared them with a control group of 170 born at normal weights to compare their quality of life when it came to physical, emotional, cognitive and social functions.
研究人员就体格，情感，认知，社交能力几方面评价了118名出生体重在1500克或以下的小儿，并与对照组170名正常出生体重儿进行对比，以比较他们之间的生活质量有何不同。
They discovered that the very low birth-weight children scored consistently lower scores on a scale designed to measure quality of life among pre-school children.
他们发现，用一个专为学龄前儿童设计的生活质量标准进行评分时，极低出生体重儿的得分总是比对照组要低。
Their parents were also much more likely to say that their child had health issues, with 29 per cent reporting a current problem, compared with 18 per cent in the control group.
极低出生体重儿的父母更多的抱怨自己的孩子有健康问题，调查当时有29%报告有问题，而这一比例在正常儿只有18%。
In general, children with low birth weight had poorer lung function, appetite and motor function than normal birth-weight children, as well as being more anxious, less positive and less lively.
一般说来，极低出生体重儿与正常儿相比，肺功能，食欲及运动功能都要差，也更多见焦虑，不象正常儿一样积极，活泼。
Premature babies delivered before 28 weeks were much more likely to have a lower quality of life when it came to cognitive functions such as communication.
28W以前出生的早产儿，从认知问题比如交流来看，生活质量就更低了。
Longer stays in neonatal intensive care units were also linked to reduced social function. The researchers suggest that this could be related to higher stress levels in early life as no specific link was established between longer stays and reduced physical functioning.
在NICU监护时间过长，也与社交功能降低有关。研究人员认为，这可能与早期心理压力增加有关，因为还没有证实监护时间与体格发育降低有关。
The researchers also discovered that children with very low birth weights scored better on emotional and social quality of life scales if their primary caregiver had a higher level of education.
研究人员还发现，如果这些低出生体重儿的最初的照顾者教育程度比较高的话，他们的情感及社交功能得分就会提高。
"Previous studies of very low birth-weight babies have mostly focused on issues such as death, illness, neurodevelopment, growth and cognitive ability" says lead researcher Dr Li-Yin Chien, Associate Professor in the Institute of Community Health Nursing at National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan. "Our research underlines the importance of monitoring quality of life in children with low birth weights to identify those at risk and intervene early. "Healthcare professionals need to consider a number of biological and environmental factors as part of their assessment. These include current health problems, age at delivery, length of stay in the neonatal intensive care unit and the educational level of the primary caregiver." 研究组领导人，台湾阳明大学保健学院副教授Li-Yin Chien说，“以前有关极低出生体重儿的研究绝大部分着眼于死亡，疾病，神经发育，生长及认知能力，而我们的研究更注重监测这些儿童的生活质量，从而能发现他们是否有危险并能早期干预。保健专业人员应该考虑把一些很多生物学及环境因素也作为评价的一部分，这包括现有的健康问题，分娩时的周龄，在NICU的监护时间以及照顾者的受教育程度。”
Children ranging from 36 to 53 months were included in the study, supported by Taiwan's National Science Council. 57 per cent were boys.
此研究对象为36至53月的儿童，其中57%为男孩。
252 mothers, 33 fathers and three other caregivers took part in the questionnaire-based study, which was carried out using a Mandarin language version of a quality of life instrument developed in the Netherlands. 2
52位母亲，33位父亲及其他三位儿童照顾者参与了问卷调查，问卷表是荷兰开发的生活质量调查表的中文版本。
The 118 very low birth weight children were less than 1500g (three pounds and five ounces) and were cared for in the neonatal intensive care units of four hospitals in northern Taiwan. The survival rate for babies in this weight range is just over 76 per cent in Taiwan. 118名极低出生体重儿体重均低于1500克(三镑五盎司)，分别在台湾四家医院NICU里被监护过。低出生体重儿在台湾的存活率仅为76%。
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2010-12-22 17:11
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