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【bio-news】有些干细胞可以改造周遭环境
http://www.news-medical.net/?id=40883
Adult stem cells are not pampered pushovers. O'Reilly et al. report that certain stem cells take charge of their surroundings, molding their environment to control their division and differentiation.
Some stem cells are cosseted like newborns. Neighboring cells cradle them in a structure called the niche. The niche not only nurtures its charges, it also dictates their behavior, determining whether they reproduce and specialize. The standard view is that the niche shapes stem cells, not vice versa.
O'Reilly et al. found evidence for more active stem cells while studying how the cells anchor themselves in the Drosophila ovary.
Previous work indicated that ovary stem cells attach to the niche through the protein E-cadherin. O'Reilly et al. tested whether the stem cells also depend on integrins, cell surface proteins that link molecules in the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton.
They found that follicle stem cells (FSC) - one type of ovary stem cel - drifted away from their niche when they carried mutant integrins.
These breakaway cells were abnormally shaped, divided more slowly than normal, and displayed some cancer-like characteristics, such as refusing to stop crawling even after contacting another cell.
Integrins hook onto an extracellular matrix protein called laminin A. FSCs pump out laminin A, and the scientists found that mutant cells that were unable to make the protein broke their moorings and reproduced sluggishly. Two other kinds of stem cells in the ovary-germline stem cells, which spawn the egg, and escort stem cells, which travel along with it-didn't rely on integrins for anchoring, the researchers showed. The team concluded that the interaction between laminin A and integrins ensures that FSCs remain in place, primed to divide. By laying down laminin A, therefore, FSCs help build their own niche.
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某些干细胞能掌管其周围的环境
http://www.news-medical.net/?id=40883
Adult stem cells are not pampered pushovers. O'Reilly et al. report that certain stem cells take charge of their surroundings, molding their environment to control their division and differentiation.
成体干细胞不像我们先前认为的那样娇嫩和易于被控制。欧·瑞利等学者报道称某些干细胞能够掌管并改善它们周围的环境，以控制其自身的分裂和分化。
Some stem cells are cosseted like newborns. Neighboring cells cradle them in a structure called the niche. The niche not only nurtures its charges, it also dictates their behavior, determining whether they reproduce and specialize. The standard view is that the niche shapes stem cells, not vice versa.
有一些干细胞就像新生儿一般娇嫩。邻近的细胞在干细胞龛孕育了这些干细胞的结构。这里不仅为它们提供营养，同时还支配它们的行为，决定它们是否进行增殖和分化。以往传统的观点认为是这个干细胞龛形成了干细胞，反之则不成立。
O'Reilly et al. found evidence for more active stem cells while studying how the cells anchor themselves in the Drosophila ovary.
欧·瑞利等学者在研究果蝇卵巢干细胞如何掌管其自身的过程中为这些更加活跃的干细胞找到了证据。
Previous work indicated that ovary stem cells attach to the niche through the protein E-cadherin. O'Reilly et al. tested whether the stem cells also depend on integrins, cell surface proteins that link molecules in the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton.
前期的研究表明，卵巢干细胞通过钙粘附素蛋白附着在干细胞龛上，欧·瑞利等人经试验测试了干细胞是否仍然依赖于这种起连接细胞骨架和细胞外基质作用的细胞膜表面蛋白。
They found that follicle stem cells (FSC) - one type of ovary stem cel - drifted away from their niche when they carried mutant integrins.
他们发现，一种名为卵囊干细胞的卵巢干细胞当它们携带突变体粘合素时，即可从它们的干细胞龛上漂移出来。
These breakaway cells were abnormally shaped, divided more slowly than normal, and displayed some cancer-like characteristics, such as refusing to stop crawling even after contacting another cell.
这些游离出来的细胞形状不规则，分裂速度比正常细胞慢很多，并且显示出某些类似癌细胞的特征，比如即使在与其他细胞接触以后仍然会继续游移。
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作者:admin@医学,生命科学 2010-12-09 17:11
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